Smart garments for monitoring physiological and biomechanical signals of the human body are key sensors for personalized healthcare. However, they typically require bulky battery packs or have to be plugged into an electric plug in order to operate. Thus, a smart shirt that can extract energy from human body motions to run body-worn healthcare sensors is particularly desirable. Here, we demonst...

A novel depth electrode placement planning strategy is presented for calculating a patient-specific brain conductivity map for predicting the extent to which direct stimulation therapy can strategically propagate through pathological white matter. Our laboratory developed isotropic and anisotropic human brain finite element method (FEM) models derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and d...

Recently, a triboelectric generator (TEG) has been invented to convert mechanical energy into electricity by a conjunction of triboelectrification and electrostatic induction. Compared to the traditional electromagnetic generator (EMG) that produces a high output current but low voltage, the TEG has different output characteristics of low output current but high output voltage. In this paper, w...

There has been a significant increase in the research on vibration-based energy harvesting in recent years. Most research is focused on a particular technology, and it is often difficult to compare widely differing designs and approaches to vibration-based energy harvesting. The aim of this study is to provide a general theory that can be used to compare different approaches and designs for vib...

Aviation, in general, and aerospace in particular needs new propulsion systems which allow the craft to reach high speeds by cheaper and more efficient methods. Author offers a new propulsion system using electrons for acceleration of the craft and having a high efficiency. As this system does not heat the air, it does not have the heating limitations of conventional air ramjet hypersonic engin...

A novel on-chip electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection design by using polysilicon diodes as the ESD clamp devices in CMOS process is first proposed in this paper. Different process splits have been experimentally evaluated to find the suitable doping concentration for optimizing the polysilicon diodes for both on-chip ESD protection design and the application requirements of the smart-card I...

A new type of electrostatic microgenerator is presented that converts mechanical microvibrational energy into electric energy. The energy conversion mechanism is as follows. External microvibrations are transmitted to the device frame. The thin electret layer sputtered to the silicon substrate surface was fixed on the frame and the moving electrode was fixed by a weak suspension and comes into ...

We report the experimental observation of a "devil's staircase" in a time-dependent system considered as a paradigm for the transition to large-scale chaos in the universality class of Hamiltonian systems. A test electron beam is used to observe its non-self-consistent interaction with externally excited wave(s) in a traveling wave tube (TWT). A trochoidal energy analyzer records the beam energ...

Two hundred years ago Theodor Grotthuss published a major paper entitled “Mémoire sur la décomposition de l’eau et des corps, qu’elle tient en dissolution a’ l’aide de l’élecrticite galvanique.”(1) In a short time this document was reprinted in other journals (2, 3) and was translated into English (4). In this paper Grotthuss presented an electrolysis concept based on physical-chemical phenomen...

An aerosol generator producing particles of any desired mobility, equivalent radius, and conducting material has been developed. Particles are formed by electrode atomization in a spark discharge. A high yield of charged particles enables generation of high concentration (> 10’ cmm3) monodisperse aerosols using electrostatic classification. In order to obtain nonagglomerated particles, the aero...