Graininess is one of the important image quality metrics in the photographic quality. In this paper, we will report an investigation of our evaluation model for color graininess. In this evaluation model, overall image noise is predicted as a graininess index (GI) to the average lightness for each patch image, and the GI is calculated from two image noise metrics, the lightness noise (LN) and t...

Printer identification based on a printed document can provide forensic information to protect copyright and verify authenticity. In addition to intrinsic features (intrinsic signatures) of the printer, modulating the printing process to embed specific signature (extrinsic signatures) will further extend the encoding capacity. Some features generated by modulating EP process such like raggednes...

Most current additive manufacturing processes can only process one material in one build. Few of them are able to fabricate multiple materials and composites, with limited choices of materials. In this research, we propose a novel Projection based Electro-Stereolithography (PES) process, which is able to fabricate composites with high resolution and fast speed, and a big range of material choic...

Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore how performing qigong influences certain measurable aspects Abstract of the human biofield; namely, various calculated parameters of finger corona discharge patterns produced by high-voltage electrophotography. Methods: The Gas Discharge Visualization (GDV) camera was used to assess subjects before and after performing Dayan (wild goose) qigong...

History With the invention of the transistor around the middle of the last century, inorganic semiconductors such as Si or Ge began to take over the role as the dominant material in electronics from the previously dominant metals. At the same time, the replacement of vacuum tube based electronics by solid state devices initiated a development which by the end of the 20th century has lead to the...

It is important to not only evaluate granularity but also clarify the factors affecting it in order to improve the graininess of an image. A method for separating graininess into elements on the basis of the fluctuation of the background, lightness, and toner adherent area is proposed. By using this method following estimations will be enabled; 1. By obtaining the relation between the ordinary ...

2014 We propose a new method for high resolution determination of surface electric charge distributions on a dielectric plate. The method is based on the measurement of the variation of the charges induced on a probe when the charges to be measured are being displaced. This local perturbatidn is achieved by means of a laser pulse focused on a thin absorbing target adjacent to the dielectric. By...