The first-principle theory of electron dephasing by disorder-induced two state fluctuators is developed. There exist two mechanisms of dephasing. First, dephasing occurs due to direct transitions between the defect levels caused by inelastic electron-defect scattering. The second mechanism is due to violation of the time reversal symmetry caused by time-dependent fluctuations of the scattering ...

We combine classical molecular dynamics simulations and quantum density functional theory calculations to study the temperature effects on the electron affinity of the water octamer. The atomistic simulations provide a sample of the cluster's conformations as a function of the temperature, on which the density functional calculations are carried on. As the temperature increases, the cluster und...

We describe a quantum Monte Carlo approach to study nite-temperature properties of correlated fermion systems. The algorithm retains advantages of the standard auxiliary-eld formalism, which is widely applied in areas spanning condensed-matter, high-energy, and nuclear physics, while eliminating the sign decay that is the signature of the fermion sign problem. It allows simulations at larger sy...

This work examines electron field-emission characteristics of polycrystalline diamond films at elevated temperatures. Diamond is an excellent material as a field emitter because of its exceptional mechanical hardness and chemical inertness. The motivation behind this study involves the use of field emitters in applications where high temperatures exist. Nitrogen-doped polycrystalline diamond fi...

Properties of glasses are typically controlled by judicious selection of the glass-forming and glass-modifying constituents. Through an experimental and computational study of the crystalline, molten, and amorphous [Ca12Al14O32](2+) ⋅ (e(-))2, we demonstrate that electron anions in this system behave as glass modifiers that strongly affect solidification dynamics, the glass transition temperatu...

Context. The existence and origin of large spatial temperature fluctuations in H ii regions and planetary nebulae are assumed to explain the differences between the heavy element abundances inferred from collisionally excited and recombination lines, although this interpretation remains significantly controversial. Aims. We investigate the spatial variation in electron temperature inside NGC 34...

The electrical resistivity r of three-dimensional amorphous superconducting films a-Mo3Si and a-Nb3Ge is measured in magnetic fields m0H up to 30 T. At low temperatures and at magnetic fields above the upper critical field Hc2, r is temperature independent and decreases as a function of magnetic field. This field dependence is consistent with localization theory in the high-field limit @m0H@\/(...

We measure the current fluctuations emitted by a normal-metal-insulator-normal-metal tunnel junction with a very wide bandwidth, from 0.3 to 13 GHz, down to very low temperature T=35  mK. This allows us to perform the spectroscopy (i.e., measure the frequency dependence) of thermal noise (no dc bias, variable temperature) and shot noise (low temperature, variable dc voltage bias). Because of th...

This work reports the first study of current-driven magnetization noise in a single, nanometerscale, ferromagnetic (Co) particle, attached to normal metal leads by high-resistance tunneling junctions. As the tunnel current increases at low temperature, the magnetic switching field decreases, its probability distribution widens, while the temperature of the environment remains nearly constant. T...