An engineered enhancement in short-circuit current density and energy conversion efficiency in amorphous silicon p-i-n solar cells is achieved via improved transmission of electromagnetic radiation arising from forward scattering by surface plasmon polariton modes in Au nanoparticles deposited above the amorphous silicon film. For a Au nanoparticle density of 3.7 108 cm−2, an 8.1% increase in s...

There is currently a great deal of interest in the theoretical and practical possibility of cloaking objects from the observation by electromagnetic waves. The basic idea of these invisibility devices [8, 9, 13], [18] is to use anisotropic transformation media whose permittivity and permeability ε , μ, are obtained from the ones, ε 0 , μ λν 0 , of isotropic media, by singular transformations of...

Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) is applied to study the characteristics of electromagnetic interference for power plane-battery management system (PP-BMS) enclosure, for modeling the coupling of an incident electromagnetic pulse (EMP) with a conducting wire through a BMS enclosure and aperture on it. Simulation and analysis are done by radius of the wires, incidence angles of EMP in the co...

In a broad sense, radiation has come to mean a flow of energy through some medium, possibly vacuum. In a classical view, the energy can be carried by both particles (α and β particle radiation, etc.) and by waves (acoustic radiation, electromagnetic radiation, etc.). An early view (see, for example, Newton [1]) of optical radiation was that it consists of “rays” which emanate in straight lines ...

In this study, we report a multimodal energy harvesting device that combines electromagnetic and piezoelectric energy harvesting mechanism. The device consists of piezoelectric crystals bonded to a cantilever beam. The tip of the cantilever beam has an attached permanent magnet which, oscillates within a stationary coil fixed to the top of the package. The permanent magnet serves two purpose (i...

We show that metallic wires embedded in narrow waveguide bends and channels demonstrate resonance behavior at specific frequencies. The electromagnetic energy at these resonances tunnels through the narrow waveguide channels with almost no propagation losses. Under the tunneling behavior, high-intensity electromagnetic fields are produced in the vicinity of the metallic wires. These intense fie...

An expression for the electromagnetic field energy density in a dispersive, lossy, lefthanded metamaterial, consisting of an array of split-ring resonators and an array of wires is derived. An electromagnetic field with general time-dependence is considered. The outcome is compared with previously published results. In the absence of losses, agreement with the general result for the energy dens...

This paper presents the design, fabrication and characterization of an electromagnetic MEMS energy harvester with ultra-broad operating bandwidth. The beam stretching induced nonlinear spring stiffness enables the resonance to extend from 65 Hz to 340 Hz and 400 Hz at accelerations of 0.5g and 1.0g, respectively. The ultra-wide bandwidth could benefit the harvester device for more efficient vib...

This paper describes the use of piezoelectric polymers in order to harvest energy from people walking, together with the electronics needed to increase energy transfer and storage efficiency. An electrostatic generator was also included in order to increase energy harvesting. There have been independent solutions in increasing the harvesting efficiency either on the mechanical harvester or on i...

A new electromagnetic energy harvester for harnessing energy from flow induced vibration is developed. It converts flow energy into electrical energy by fluid flow and electromagnetic induction. A finite element model for estimation of the generated voltage of the energy harvester is developed. A prototype of the energy harvester is fabricated and tested. Experimental results show that an outpu...