Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) causes a complex spatial distribution of the electric current flow in the head which hampers the accurate localization of the stimulated brain areas. In this study we show how various anatomical features systematically shape the electric field distribution in the brain during tDCS. We constructed anatomically realistic finite element (FEM) models o...

in wireless sensor networks (wsns), localization algorithms could be range-based or range-free. the approximate point in triangle (apit) is a range-free approach. we propose modification of the apit algorithm and refer as modified-apit. we select suitable triangles with appropriate distance between anchors to reduce pit test errors (edge effect and non-uniform placement of neighbours) in apit a...

background: bilateral neck exploration is the gold standard for parathyroid adenoma localization in primary hyperparathyroidism. but surgeons do not have adequate experience for accurate surgical exploration and new methods are developed for surgery like unilateral exploration and minimally invasive surgery, thus, preoperative localization could reduces time and stress in surgical performance. ...

BACKGROUND Precise localization of an epileptic focus in the perisylvian/insular area is a major challenge. The difficult access and the high density of blood vessels within the sylvian fissure have lead to poor coverage of intrasylvian (opercular and insular) cortex by available electrodes. OBJECTIVE To report the creation of a novel electrode designed to record epileptic activity from both ...

Wireless sensor networks attracting a great deal of research interest. Accurate localization of sensor nodes is a strong requirement in a wide area of applications. In recent years, several techniques have been proposed for localization in wireless sensor networks. In this paper we present a localization scheme with using only one mobile anchor station and received signal strength indicator tec...

OBJECTIVE High-resolution prosthetic vision requires dense stimulating arrays with small electrodes. However, such miniaturization reduces electrode capacitance and penetration of electric field into tissue. We evaluate potential solutions to these problems with subretinal implants based on utilization of pillar electrodes. APPROACH To study integration of three-dimensional (3D) implants with...

The goal of this study was to discuss the guidelines that permit patients with implanted deep brain stimulation (DBS) system to undergo Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI) safely. We reported our experience of 226 MRI performed on 161 patients (134 dystono-dyskinetic syndromes and 27 Parkinson’s disease) of which 32 reimplantations. The stereotactic protocol used for the anatomical target localiza...

Electrical stimulation of the paraventricular (PVH) and adjacent hypothalamic area evokes self-grooming behaviour. Current intensity thresholds for grooming can be obtained depending on the exact localization of the electrode site. Sites localized at greater distance of the center of the grooming area evoke grooming at greater latencies and higher current intensity, or no grooming at all. Resul...

Available microwave notch-type damage detection sensors are typically based on monitoring frequency shift or magnitude changes. However, frequency shift testing needs sweep-frequency data that make scanning detection becomes difficult and time-consuming. This work presents a microwave near-field nondestructive testing sensor for detecting sub-millimeter notch-type damage detection in metallic s...

Following the theme of this special issue, two new compounds, the P-flowers C(16)(PH)(8) and C(16)(PF)(8), are designed by us and subsequently characterized by quantum chemical computations. Their geometries and infrared signatures are analyzed and compared to those of the well-known sulflower C(16)S(8). Their electronic structure and aromaticity are examined using the electron localization fun...