Alternate planting dates and periodic destruction of the previous year's soybean crop as well as 1-year bare fallow were used to establish a range of population densities ofHeterodera glycines for the subsequent year. Soybean cultivar Coker 156 (susceptible, moderately tolerant) was compared to cultivars Essex (susceptible, intolerant) and Bedford (resistant) to evaluate tolerance at different ...

Microplot experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of inoculum level and time of application of Paecilomyces lilacinus on the protection of tomato against MeIoidogyne incognita. The best protection against M. incognita was attained with 10 and 20 g of fungus-infested wheat kernels per microplot which resulted in a threefold and fourfold increase in tomato yield, respectively, compared...

Currently, a large number of microsatellites are available for Rotylenchulus reniformis (reniform nematode); however, two barriers exist for genotyping samples from different geographical areas. The limited amount of nucleic acids obtained from single nematodes which would require their multiplication to obtain enough DNA for testing; and the strictly regulated transport of live samples and mul...

Temperature profoundly affects growth and life history traits in ectothermic animals through selection (i.e., genetic) and through direct effects on the phenotype (i.e., nongenetic/plasticity). We examined the effects of rearing temperature (248, 308, and 368C) on adult body size and development time and the interactive effects of temperature experienced during rearing and oviposition on severa...

Magnesium (Mg) supplementation remarkably improves the digestibility of feed. In cows and sows, it has improved the reproduction and shortened the service period. In broilers it increased weight gain, and it has increased egg production of laying hens. In addition, increasing Mg intake benefits the quality of breeding eggs and improves hatching yield. However, increasing Mg intake has not alter...

Bindin, a major protein of the sea urchin acrosome granule, mediates the species-specific adhesion and binding of sperm to egg required to effect fertilization. We report the isolation and sequence of bindin cDNA clones prepared from Strongylocentrotus purpuratus testis RNA. The bindin gene appears to be productively expressed only in males and only in testes. The protein is produced from a 51-...

A study of 1231 first cycle and 887 second cycle table egg flocks (by Bell and Adams) in the early 1980’s in California revealed a series of very important relationships. These relationships are essential to the decision of whether or not flocks should be molted and if so, when? If molting is to pay, the second cycle of production must yield high performance compared to a one cycle option. The ...

Selection of appropriate oviposition sites is essential for progeny survival and fitness in generalist insect species, such as Drosophila melanogaster, yet little is known about the mechanisms regulating how environmental conditions and innate adult preferences are evaluated and balanced to yield the final substrate choice for egg-deposition. Female D. melanogaster are attracted to food contain...

Recent evidence suggests that inhaled ozone (O3) does not induce toxicity via direct epithelial interactions. Reactions with epithelial lining fluid (ELF) constituents limit cellular contact and generate products, including lipid ozonation products, postulated to initiate pathophysiological cascades. To delineate specific aspects of lipid ozonation product formation and to estimate in situ surf...

The magnitude of oviposition as well as the size, shape and the number of eggs per of egg rafts egg raft were determined after gravid Culex quinquefasciatus Say oviposited on water treated with water dispersible granules (WDG) of Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. israelensis (Bti) and on untreated water. The mean number of eggs/raft was lower in the treated than in the untreated water. Bti concentrat...