In this paper the scale mixture of Gaussian distribution is used to model the stock return data in financial market. There are many volatility models and forecasting methods. Some of the models are Historical volatility models, Implied volatility models, Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity models, models based on Artificial Neural Network. All these models are direct models. In these ...

The goal of corporate activities is to make a profit, and it is prudent for companies to estimate the profitability of products they provide. For securement of sustainable profit, it is important to forecast long-term changes to variables which affect a system planning, such as customer’s characteristics, economic indicators and social conditions, as well as technical advancement. It is also ne...

one of the main factors affecting on the technical and economic performance of farms and livestock is the ability or capacity management. main goal of farm management is achieving specific performance, profitability and productivity; there for measurement management and performance in livestock farms are necessary. considering the necessity of increasing production and quality in the dairy indu...

• The history of aviation beginning with the first drawings and flying items goes back to the fifteenth century. • The aviation industry has grown to a remarkable size over the centuries and is one of the important industries of economic growth today. • The aviation industry is structured along the aviation value chain. • Air transport is characterised by high fixed costs, low profit margins in...

The breeding objective defines the selection emphasis placed on individual traits based on the economic importance of each trait. In PIGBLUP, the $Index defines the breeding objective based on the profit function developed by Stewart et al. (1990). The profit function was based on two main equations quantifying a sow herd sub-objective (SHSO) and a growing-finishing subobjective (GFSO). Informa...

We present a bio-economic model that accounts for the effects of water and nitrogen use on the first three moments of profit margin distributions in Swiss maize production. We thus also account for downside risks in farmers’ decision making processes, which extents currently used bio-economic modeling approaches that address agricultural water use. We find that because irrigation reduces the ne...

Evolutionary investment strategies have been found to adapt distribution of investors’ fund to technological changes of economic industries. In this paper we use evolutionary algorithm (EA) to improve investment strategies in economic system comparing shares of most profitable investors with other ones. Proposed algorithm selects an optimal combination of investment share in different industrie...

The objectives of this study were to derive economic values in broiler breeding and to determine their relationship with production circumstances. Economic values were derived using a deterministic economic model based on profit equations with a fixed amount of broiler meat output of the production system. Nonintegrated and the integrated broiler production systems were studied. The difference ...

When academic researchers participate in commercialization using for-profit firms there is a potentially costly trade-off – their time and effort are diverted away from academic knowledge production. This is a form of brain drain on the not-for-profit research sector that may reduce academic research productivity and adversely impact university performance and long-run economic growth. In this ...

A survey by the Institute of Medicine examined both factual matters and value questions connected with the provision of health care by investor-owned, for-profit hospitals. One inference drawn from the study data is that for-profit enterprise is not as bad as it has been portrayed. Costs at for-profit institutions are greater than at other hospitals. However, the recently implemented system ...