deep economic and social developments in two recent centuries beside other important alterations, created important changes in contracting aria among them placing weak and strong parties against each other in contracts. freedom of contract, that before enjoided from some kind of sancity,could not provid contractual justice in this new conditions. therefore adjustment of this tool(contract) in a...

Jillian A Guthrie Ahigher than at any time since federation, and substantially higher than those inmostwestern European countries. Incarceration rates of Indigenous Australians match those of African Americans; these are the most intensely incarcerated subpopulations in the world. The over-representation of Indigenous Australians in all stages of the justice system is one of Australia’s most si...

Two aspects of a study examining the congruence of critical caring theory with public health nursing practice are reported. They confirm a congruence between expert public health nursing practice and the theory in terms of (a) a caring/social justice ethics that underpins practice and (b) the relevance to their practice of the carative health promoting process of contributing to the creation of...

With increased attentiveness to social justice and the social and economic inequities that shape health, well-being, and health care access, nurse researchers, particularly those positioning their work as emancipatory, negotiate the dialectic of analysis and advocacy. Drawing on postcolonial feminism, we explore this dialectic and associated ramifications for scientific integrity. Staying true ...

Vaccines against human papillomavirus (HPV) may soon be licensed. In contrast to most vaccine-preventable diseases, which are transmitted by air or casual contact, HPV is primarily transmitted by sexual contact. An analysis that applies ethical theories, such as utilitarianism, rule of double effect, and principlism, is needed for policy considerations. These analyses reveal that HPV vaccinatio...

economically developed world, to develop a new agenda for youth policy generally, especially in terms of the needs of the economically dispossessed. Major structural changes in economic and social life have altered in important ways the shape of growing up, and are reflected in such phenomena as exceptional levels of youth unemployment. Some of the more dramatic effects of these changes result ...

The economic approach to bankruptcy envisions bankruptcy law as a set of rules approximating the contractual terms to which, at the time credit is extended, a creditor and debtor would agree should govern in the event of the debtor's insolvency. Some traditional bankruptcy scholars criticize the economic approach for what they see as its failure to advance goals and values which they deem neces...

John Rawls is Professor Emeritus at Harvard University. He is the author of the well-known and path breaking A Theory of Justice (Harvard, 1971) and the more recent work Political Liberalism (Columbia, 1996). These excerpts from A Theory of Justice provide a skeletal account of Rawls's project of using social contract theory to generate principles of justice for assigning basic rights and dutie...

Concern with material equality as the central form of distributive justice is a very modern idea. Distributive justice for Aristotle and many other writers for millennia after him was a matter of distributing what each ought to get from merit or desert in some sense. Many, such as Hume, thought material equality a pernicious idea. In the medieval village life of Bodo, villagers knew enough abou...