infiltration plays an important role in surface and subsurface hydrology and it is a key factor in the rainfall and runoff equations. the use of new approaches that have no limitations of common theoretical and empirical methods to determine infiltration relationships, will minimize the necessity of time consuming and costly experiments to determine permeability values and will make it possible...

Martin Odening and Jan Hinrichs Abstract: This article examines problems that may occur when conventional Value-at-Risk (VaR) estimators are used to quantify market risks in an agricultural context. For example, standard VaR methods, such as variance-covariance method or historical simulation, can fail when the return distribution is fat tailed. This problem is aggravated when long-term VaR for...

Given an [Formula: see text]-dimensional sample of size text] form a correlation matrix text]. Suppose that and tend to infinity with converging fixed finite constant If the population is factor model, then eigenvalue distribution almost surely converges weakly Marčenko–Pastur such index scale parameter limiting ratio specific variance text]th variable For normal equi-correlation coefficient te...

We estimate a sales response model to evaluate the shortand long-term value of pharmaceutical sales representatives’ detailing visits to physicians of different types. By understanding the dynamic effect of sales calls across heterogeneous doctors, we provide guidance on the design of optimal call patterns for route sales. Our analyses reveal that the long-term persistence effect of detailing i...

The erythrocytic-stage surface protein, Equi Merozoite Antigen 1 (EMA-1), is a major candidate for the development of a diagnostic antigen for equine piroplasmosis. In order to establish an effective diagnostic method for practical use, the gene encoding the entire EMA-1 of Theileria equi Jaboticabal strain was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli as a histidine-tagged protein (His6-EMA1). ...

Theileria equi merozoite surface antigens have been an important candidate for development of diagnostics. We developed ELISA based on EMA-1 recombinant antigen, so as to widen our diagnostic confidence in detection of antibodies against T. equi in sero-surveillance studies. The 547 bp EMA-1 gene fragment encoding high hydrophilic antigenic region was expressed with glutathione-S-transferase ta...

background: equine piroplasmosis (ep) is the cause of persistent tick-borne infection with no symptoms, but the most important problem of ep is due to the persistent carrier state. carrier animals to babesia ( theileria ) equi (laveran 1901) and b. caballi (nuttall, 1910) infestation could be identified by extremely sensitive pcr-based method. the purpose of this study was to identify the causa...