The effects of non-equilibrium charge screening in mixtures of oppositely charged interacting molecules on surfaces are analyzed in a closed system. The dynamics of charge screening and the strong deviation from the standard Debye-Hückel theory are demonstrated via a new formalism based on computing radial distribution functions suited for analyzing both short-range and long-range spacial order...

We present an experimental and theoretical investigation of spontaneous pattern formation in the transverse section of a single retroreflected laser beam passing through a cloud of cold rubidium atoms. In contrast to previously investigated systems, the nonlinearity at work here is that of a two-level atom, which realizes the paradigmatic situation considered in many theoretical studies of opti...

background: describing trend in tuberculosis (tb) over time can play an important role to assess the disease control strategies and predict the future morbidity and mortality. this study aimed to determine the incidence trend of smear‑positive pulmonary tuberculosis (sppt) in sub‑age and sex groups during the years of 1995–2012. methods: this retrospective cohort study was performed in 2015 by ...

Background: Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is one of the most important agents of travelers’ diarrheal diseases in the developing countries. The main purpose of this study was to determine the association of ETEC outbreaks with climatic and demographic variables in Yazd province of Iran. Methods: This study was done on 729 food-borne disease rectal swab samples, which gathered during ...

 Background: Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease, that due to the incidence, dissemination and scattering throughout different parts of Iran is of paramount importance. This study was carried out with the aim of determining the epidemiology of leishmaniasis cutaneous in Khatam during 2008-2012. Methods: This is a cross-sectional and retrospective study of collected demographic and ...

Introduction: There are many advantages in breastfeeding of infants. The impact of fasting of breastfeeding mothers during Ramadan, on their exclusively breastfed infants’ growth, is still unclear. The objective of this study is to determine the impact of maternal Ramadan fasting on growth parameters of exclusively breastfed infants. Methods: This cohort study was conducted on 55 healthy, exclu...

Background and aims: Normal pregnancy and its successful outcome require intake of sufficient food. Undesirable nutrition is directly associated with pregnancy outcome, therefore, its prevention is the best strategy to maintain maternal and fetal health. The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of malnutrition during pregnancy and associated factors in women of Ard...

Background & Aims of the Study : Consumption of honey has remarkably increased in the last years all over the world. Factors such as plant species, environmental, processing, and storing condition are affecting honey quality. The purpose of this study was to evaluation of Hygienic quality of honey samples produced from Qazvin province. Materials and Methods: 34 fresh honey Samples were obta...