Location and types of sensors may be integrated for simultaneous achievement of water security goals and other water utility objectives, such as regulatory monitoring requirements. Complying with the recent recommendations on dual benefits of sensors, this study addresses the optimal location of these types of sensors in a multipurpose approach. The study presents two mathematical models for ...

A primal (or direct) productivity index is conventionally defined as the ratio of an output quantity to input index. There have been attempts in literature define and implement dual indirect indexes based on price changes rather than changes. Although share a common motivation, measurement change when prices are easier measure, or measured more accurately, quantities, they differ analytically, ...

In the history of adoption research, subjective norm mostly remains as the unloved child, being significant in this analysis and not significant in that analysis. Already Davis et al. had to exclude subjective norm of the Technology Acceptance Model due to theoretical and measurement problems. Overall the results of subjective norm as an antecedent for behavioral intention in IS research are qu...

in this study the trend of technological change and its nature was studied in production of sugar beet in iran by using dual approach. this approach is useful for estimating the demand structure of the input price change and technology status. after estimating the various forms of flexible functions, by selection of translog cost function with cost share equations system is estimated using seem...

We report the results of our study on the role of microfluidic infiltration technique in improving the coupling characteristics of dual-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) couplers. Using the finite element method (FEM), we evaluate the effective mode area, dispersion and coupling parameters of an infiltrated dual-core PCF. We use these parameters to design a compact and reconfigurable coupler by...

This paper proposes a family of robust counterpart for uncertain linear programs (LP) which is obtained for a general definition of the uncertainty region. The relationship between uncertainty sets using norm bod-ies and their corresponding robust counterparts defined by dual norms is presented. Those properties lead us to characterize primal and dual robust counterparts. The researchers show t...

In this paper, we investigate the multiple attribute decision making (MADM) problem based on the arithmetic and geometric aggregation operators with hesitant fuzzy linguistic information. Then, motivated by the idea of traditional arithmetic operation, we have developed some aggregation operators for aggregating hesitant fuzzy linguistic information: hesitant fuzzy linguistic weighted average (...

‎in this paper‎, ‎first we develop the duality concept for $g$-bessel sequences‎ ‎and bessel fusion sequences in hilbert spaces‎. ‎we obtain some results about dual‎, ‎pseudo-dual ‎and approximate dual of frames and fusion frames‎. ‎we also expand every $g$-bessel ‎sequence to a frame by summing some elements‎. ‎we define the restricted isometry property for ‎$g$-frames and generalize some resu...