Tropical montane cloud forests (TMCFs) depend on predictable, frequent, and prolonged immersion in cloud. Clearing upwind lowland forest alters surface energy budgets in ways that influence dry season cloud fields and thus the TMCF environment. Landsat and Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite imagery show that deforested areas of Costa Rica's Caribbean lowlands remain relatively cl...

INTRODUCTION This Phase 2 clinical trial assessed the efficacy and safety of the novel antioxidative, renewable compound SkQ1 for topical treatment of dry eye signs and symptoms. METHODS In a single-center, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, 29-day study, 91 subjects with mild to moderate dry eye instilled the study drug twice daily and recorded dry eye symptoms daily. Subjects we...

BACKGROUND Microevolution is essential for species persistence especially under anticipated climate change scenarios. Species distribution projection models suggested that the dominant tree species of lowland forests in Switzerland, European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), might disappear from most areas due to expected longer dry periods. However, if genotypes at the moisture boundary of the speci...

We give a further examination of the stabilized Residual Distribution schemes for the solution of the shallow water equations proposed in (Ricchiuto and Bollermann, J.Comp.Phys., available online 25 October 2008). Based on a non-linear variant of a Lax-Friedrichs scheme, the scheme is wellbalanced, able to handle dry areas and, for smooth regions of the solution, obtains second order of accurac...

• The paper provides a northern Australia savanna case study for assessing: first, differences (and similarities) between fire regimes operating under pre-contact traditional Aboriginal custodianship, and today under contemporary patterns of savanna landuse; and second, implications of such change(s) for biodiversity and ecological processes in northern Australia. • Ethnographic, historical and...

in order to investigation some soil characteristics and filed age effects on flower and corm yield of saffron, an experiment was conducted as factorial based on complete randomized design with five replications in two regions of neyshabur during growing season 2009-2010. treatments were included different filed ages (2, 4 and 6 years) and two geographical regions (eshagh abad and soltan abad). ...