Abstract Background Acute liver failure (ALF) is associated with a high mortality rate, and there are still no effective treatments except transplantation artificial therapies. This study aimed to determine the effects, therapeutic window mechanisms of selonsertib, selective inhibitor ASK1, for ALF therapy. Results Lipopolysaccharide d -galactosamine (LPS/GalN) were used simulate ALF. We found ...

emphasize the important roles of protein phosphorylation by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) in the regulation of the dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) GTPase and mitochondrial fission. However, the Literature Report ( Jahani-Asl & Slack, 2007) that accompanied the Cribbs & Strack article led to incorrect interpretations, which we would like to clarify here. Foremost among these, the Literatu...

Background and AimsDonors with fatty livers are considered to address the shortage of for transplantation, but those particularly sensitive ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), an increased incidence graft failure is observed. Kupffer cells account 20–35% liver nonparenchymal cells, have been shown participate in process IRI inflammatory reactions hepatic steatosis. NOD-like receptor thermal prot...

Cytosolic dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1, also known as DNM1L) is required for both mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission. Drp1-dependent division of these organelles is facilitated by a number of adaptor proteins at mitochondrial and peroxisomal surfaces. To investigate the interplay of these adaptor proteins, we used gene-editing technology to create a suite of cell lines lacking the adaptor...

Experimental evidence has clarified distant organ dysfunctions induced by AKI. Crosstalk between the kidney and heart, which has been recognized recently as cardiorenal syndrome, appears to have an important role in clinical settings, but the mechanisms by which AKI causes cardiac injury remain poorly understood. Both the kidney and heart are highly energy-demanding organs that are rich in mito...

Mitochondria display a variety of shapes, ranging from small and spherical or the classical tubular shape to extended networks. Shape transitions occur frequently and include fusion, fission, and branching. It was reported that some mitochondrial shape transitions are developmentally regulated, whereas others were linked to disease or apoptosis. However, if and how mitochondrial function contro...

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a neuroendocrine hormone produced by gastrointestinal tract in response to food ingestion. GLP-1 plays a very important role in the glucose homeostasis by stimulating glucose-dependent insulin secretion, inhibiting glucagon secretion, inhibiting gastric emptying, reducing appetite and food intake. Because of these actions, the GLP-1 peptide-mimetic exenatide i...

In this study, purification, preliminary characterization and hepatoprotective effects of water-soluble polysaccharides from dandelion root (DRP) were investigated. Two polysaccharides, DRP1 and DRP2, were isolated from DRP. The two polysaccharides were α-type polysaccharides and didn't contain protein. DRP1, with a molecular weight of 5695 Da, was composed of glucose, galactose and arabinose, ...

Maturation of neuronal synapses is thought to involve mitochondria. Bcl-xL protein inhibits mitochondria-mediated apoptosis but may have other functions in healthy adult neurons in which Bcl-xL is abundant. Here, we report that overexpression of Bcl-xL postsynaptically increases frequency and amplitude of spontaneous miniature synaptic currents in rat hippocampal neurons in culture. Bcl-xL, ove...

Hypertension-induced cardiac apoptosis is a major contributor to early-stage heart-failure. Our previous studies have found that p53-mediated mitochondrial fission is involved in aldosterone-induced podocyte apoptosis. However, it is not clear that whether p53-induced mitochondrial fission is critical for hypertensive Angiotensin II (AngII)-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In this study, we fou...