BACKGROUND Idiopathic adhesive capsulitis is defined as a frozen shoulder with severe and global range-of-motion loss of unknown etiology. The purpose of our study was to clarify the prevalence of rotator cuff lesions according to patterns and severity of range-of-motion loss in a large cohort of patients with stiff shoulders. METHODS Rotator cuff pathology was prospectively investigated with...

In 1799, Laplace derived the system of differential equations (now called Liouville-Euler) that fully describes motions rotation axis any celestial body. showed only gravitational forces and kinetic moments from other bodies influence one them. The involve three Euler angles specify a body's axis; they can be reduced to two for inclination time derivative declination axis. existence forced annu...

This Paper is about landing control of legged robot. Body stiffness and damping is used as landing strategy of a legged robot. First, we only used stiffness control method to control legged robot landing. Second control method,sliding mode controller and feedback linearization controller is applied to enhance position control performance. Through these control algorithm, body center of gravity ...