EPIDEMIOLOGY Motor vehicles are responsible for one of every five deaths among children 1–14 years of age in the United States, and pedestrian injuries account for one fourth of them. Compared with occupant injuries, pedestrian injuries are more severe, with a fivefold higher likelihood of death among those injured. In 1998, 726 child pedestrians were killed, and at least 30 000 children were n...

J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2009;16:524–530. DOI 10.1197/jamia.M2974. Affiliations of the authors: C-HOBIC, Canadian Nurses Association (KJH), Ottawa, ON, Canada; C-HOBIC, Ontario Ministry of Health and LongTerm Care (PAW), Toronto, ON, Canada; Nagle & Associates, Inc. (LMN), Toronto, ON, Canada; Health Outcomes for Better Information and Care, Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care (DMP), To...

edge is distributed among highly domain specific rules; and, on the other, we can design systems in which the flow of control is entirely domain independent although driven by a scene expectation map. In the former, an image understanding system may contain a rule that invokes a driveway finding procedure if it has already detected a house; while, in the latter, we may employ a blackboard archi...

Members of the Society, President Conn, colleagues, friends, and particularly students, the Ward Medal recipient, from Clarke Read onward, traditionally recounts how their career was shaped. A decade ago, in a crumbling Kona hotel, the ASP’s own tattooed lady, Janine Caira, opened her Ward Medal address with: ‘‘To all future Ward Medalists, many of whom I trust are sitting in the audience out t...

Ultrasonic, used in security technology such as car collision avoidance and distance measurement, also can be used in detecting obstruction behind the car when backing up. In this paper, we analyze the interference of ultrasonic signal when transmitting and receiving, and then resolve it by software. There is a blind area and distance limitation in ultrasonic distance measurement .The cause of ...

The mission of the National Advanced Driving Simulator is to conduct highway safety research that will reduce the annual loss of life on US roadways. The NADS is particularly well suited in its ability to realistically replicate vehicle dynamics, and associated motion and visual cues, in order to conduct complex experiments. It is unique in its ability to study vehicle control and loss of contr...

Planning algorithms designed for deterministic worlds, such as A* search, usually run much faster than algorithms designed for worlds with uncertain action outcomes, such as value iteration. Real-world planning problems often exhibit uncertainty, which forces us to use the slower algorithms to solve them. Many real-world planning problems exhibit sparse uncertainty: there are long sequences of ...

The doorbell rang as I hung up the phone, and then heard my father's deep, imposing voice fill our entryway.I stood walked slowly into unlit hallway unnoticed wife, Allison, hugged father took his coat bag. Though she'd only met him once, at mom's funeral, wanted her to share dislike for man. From what I'd told her, Allison knew enough about warrant a little enmity, or so thought, but she cheer...

The purpose of this study was to illustrate that a systems approach to transit safety can be used to develop a methodology to fail-safe or mistake-proof paratransit operations. The fail-safe methodology illustrated in this article was implemented in a small rural transit system in the southeast U.S. Results demonstrated that safety problems often stem from an interaction of service errors and s...

Automated road network extraction from remotely sensed imagery can be a promising approach to efficient road databases creation, refinement and updating. However, due to the extreme complexity of an urban scene, road extraction in urban areas is challenging. This paper presents a new integrated approach to extract urban road networks from high spatial-resolution multi-spectral imagery. The prop...