Typologies have represented an important tool for the development of comparative social policy research and continue to be widely used in spite of growing criticism of their ability to capture the complexity of welfare states and their internal heterogeneity. In particular, debates have focused on the presence of hybrid cases and the existence of distinct cross-national pattern of variation acr...

Many family caregivers of older adults suffer from a high burden of care and struggle with the balance of jobs and caregiving tasks. However, the United States is the only developed country without paid sick leave policies for all workers and their families. The purpose of this article is to review the federal Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) and empirical studies about paid sick policy, pro...

Using personnel records from a single large German firm in the financial industry, this paper provides detailed evidence on the effect of age and the supervisor’s gender on gender differences in workplace training, holding constant various workplace characteristics. We implement an age-specific decomposition of the incidence and the duration of training into three terms: an age-specific coeffic...

This paper describes and compares transitions into employment of mothers of newborn children in several European countries. Although female labour participation has increased everywhere, women are still likely to interrupt their career, when they have a child, for a period of time longer than the basic maternity leave. Using data from ECHP, we select women who have a child during the survey and...

This paper investigates trends and changes in the structural composition of women’s weekly market hours in former West-Germany using aggregate time-series data from German micro census from 1957 until 2001. Aggregate weekly hours per working-age woman are decomposed into hours worked per employee – the intensive margin of adjustment – and into labor force participation – the extensive margin. T...

a US Fish and Wildlife Service, Bozeman Fish Technology Center, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA b Montana State University, Department of Animal and Range Sciences, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA c USDA-ARS, Trout Grains Project, Bozeman Fish Technology Center, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA d ADM Research, 1001 N Brush College Road, Decatur, IL 62521, USA e USDA-ARS, Harry K. Dupree Stuttgart National Aquaculture Rese...

Churchill, Surgn.-Col. A. F., m.d., a.m.s., is brought on the Admtve. Medl. Staff of the Army, vice Surgn -Col. E. C. Markey, c B., who has reverted to the home establishment. Dated 22nd May 1895. Gallwey, Bde.-Surgn.-Lieut.-Col. M. M., M.D., A.M.S., to the Admtve. Medl. Staff of the Army, with the tempy. rank of Surgn -Col., vice Surgn.-Maj.-Genl A. A. Gore, M.D., appointed P. M. O., H. M.'s F...

In modern welfare states, family policies may resolve the tension between employment and care-focused demands. However these policies sometimes have adverse consequences for distinct social groups. This study examined gender and educational differences in working parents' perceived work-family conflict and used a comparative approach to test whether family policies, in particular support for ch...

Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) is a Poaceae family perennial grass that yields essential oil. The prefix ‘lemon’ refers to the odour, which mostly owing presence of citral, cyclic monoterpene. It rapidly growing and native South India Sri Lanka now widely cultivated throughout tropical America Asia. oil used medicinally derived from freshly cut slightly dried leave. has recently gained global...

A community based cross-sectional study was carried out in rural areas of West Bengal with the aim to assess the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) among rural preschool children. Clinical examination was carried out on 9,228 children for the signs and symptoms of VAD and a sub-sample of 590 children were covered for the estimation of blood vitamin A levels using dried blood spot (DBS) me...