The diversity of early spring vascular fl ora was studied in the Sub-Pannonic steppic grassland in the village of Bilje, north eastern Croatia. In all, 109 plant taxa within 35 families were found. The highest number of taxa belongs to the families Poaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Caryophyllaceae, Lamiaceae and Rosaceae. Specifi c habitat conditions, characterized by moderately wet and moderately...

For many mesopelagic fishes, even basic knowledge regarding their biology is missing, greatly impeding effective management. Here we present length–weight relations for 16 fishes sampled during research surveys in the Greek seas (eastern Mediterranean). The following species were studied: Benthosema glaciale (Reinhardt, 1837); Ceratoscopelus maderensis (Lowe, 1839); Diaphus holti Tåning, 1918; ...

Though mesopelagic fish respond to natural light (e.g., diurnal vertical migration), few studies have looked at how they artificial and if lights could be used in commercial operations improve catchability of fish. Here we present a preliminary study on organisms blue green spotlights, as well red white diffuse Masfjorden (Norway; max depth 480 m). The response each the three sound scattering l...

BACKGROUND It has been shown that if genetic relationships among individuals are not taken into account for genome wide association studies, this may lead to false positives. To address this problem, we used Genome-wide Rapid Association using Mixed Model and Regression and principal component stratification analyses. To account for linkage disequilibrium among the significant markers, principa...

The Ion Proton sequencer from Thermo Fisher accurately determines sequence variants from target regions with a rapid turnaround time at a low cost. However, misleading variant-calling errors can occur. We performed a systematic evaluation and manual curation of read-level alignments for the 675 ultrarare variants reported by the Ion Proton sequencer from 27 whole-exome sequencing data but that ...

Dynamically-typed languages allow faster software development by not posing the type constraints. Static type information facilitates program comprehension and software maintenance. Type inference algorithms attempt to reconstruct the type information from the code, yet they suffer from the problem of false positives or false negatives. The use of complex type inference algorithms is questionab...

The behavior of the mesopelagic fish Benthosema glaciale was studied at 60°N in mid-summer. We hypothesized that diel vertical migration (DVM) is constrained by short and dusk nights (surface illumination > 10−2 μmol m−2 s−1) individuals are active depth during long summer days. Submerged echosounders provided high-resolution data throughout water column. During day, a part population ascended ...

The issue of large-scale testing has caught much attention with the advent of high-throughput technologies. In genomic studies, researchers are often confronted with a large number of tests. To make simultaneous inference for the many tests, the false discovery rate (FDR) control provides a practical balance between the number of true positives and the number of false positives. However, when f...