BACKGROUND Doping presents a potential health risk for young athletes. Prevention programs are intended to prevent doping by educating athletes about banned substances. However, such programs have their limitations in practice. This led Germany to introduce the National Doping Prevention Plan (NDPP), in hopes of ameliorating the situation among young elite athletes. Two studies examined 1) the ...

This paper reviews liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric (LC-MS) procedures for the screening, identification and quantification of doping agents in urine and other biological samples and devoted to drug testing in sports. Reviewed methods published approximately within the last five years and cited in the PubMed database have been divided into groups using the same classification of the 20...

FeSe layer-based superconductors exhibit exotic and distinctive properties. The undoped FeSe shows nematicity and superconductivity, while the heavily electron-doped KxFe2-ySe2 and single-layer FeSe/SrTiO3 possess high superconducting transition temperatures that pose theoretical challenges. However, a comprehensive study on the doping dependence of an FeSe layer-based superconductor is still l...

doping is the use of drug for the purpose of improving performance in general and sports performance in particular. rejection or acceptance of the use of banned substances by athletes is determined by internal factors that are subjective and external or social. against this background, the present study examined social risk factors as determinants of intention (temptation) to use banned substan...

Concern for the health of athletes and integrity of sport resulted in the banning of specific substances although many years passed before analytical testing took place. Soon doping control programmes became synonymous with urine tests and adverse analytical findings. This system has its limits due to the detection window of prohibited substances, the timing of sample collections and the sophis...

BACKGROUND The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) is introducing enhancements to doping investigations in its 2015 Code, which include improved sharing of information between antidoping organisations (including sporting bodies) and enhanced accountability of athlete support staff. These additions will improve the control of links between sports doping and organised crime. In February 2013 the Aust...

12 Coaches are frequently cited as potentially precipitating or preventing athletes' engagement in doping. 14 examine coaches' perceptions of their role and actions in athletes' anti-doping behaviour. Twenty-three 15 coaches (M=17, F =6) working with performance athletes in Scotland participated in semi-structured 16 interviews where topics related to doping and anti-doping were discussed. Them...

TO THE EDITOR: Ideally, anti-doping testing is designed to ensure fair competition and prevent athletes’ harm from unfair practices. While the former issue is questionable, since fairness in sports is mostly a chimera, the latter is foremost and theoretically viable (1–3). The recent study of Lundy et al. (5) proved what everybody in the field of laboratory and sports medicine has supposed for ...

Abstract Organic–metal and organic–organic interfaces play crucial roles in charge injection in, and transport through, organic thin film devices. Their electronic structure, chemical properties and electrical behaviour must be fully characterized and understood if engineering and control of organic devices are to reach the levels attained for inorganic semiconductor devices. Recent fundamental...