This paper considers different approaches to measuring gender. It critically reviews gender role theorising and describes how this has informed two approaches to measuring gender as an individual phenomenon: gender orientation (the assessment of individual traits) and gender ideology (assessing individual endorsement, and internalisation, of social norms). It is argued here that social construc...

BACKGROUND Studies on political ideology and health have found associations between individual ideology and health as well as between ecological measures of political ideology and health. Individual ideology and aggregate measures such as political regimes, however, were never examined simultaneously. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Using adjusted logistic multilevel models to analyze data on ...

It is sometimes argued that ideal theories in political philosophy are a form of ideology. This article examines arguments building on the work Charles Mills and Raymond Geuss for claim cognitively distorting belief systems have effect stabilizing unjust social arrangements. I argue neither succeed establishing content necessarily defective way characteristic ideologies, nor can they make plaus...

Advertising aims to convey a persuasive message so that the audience buys products offered. Besides, it also contains implied ideology. The ideology is conveyed implicitly with visuals and words in advertisement. This study aimed examine five advertisements for children's milk broadcast on television. research used content analysis method. population was samples were consumed most 2020, i.e. En...

Studies have largely examined the association between political ideology and health at the aggregate/ecological level. Using individual-level data from 29 European countries, we investigated whether self-reports of political ideology and health are associated. In adjusted models, we found an inverse association between political ideology and self-rated poor health; for a unit increase in the po...

This paper examines how political ideology influenced economic freedom in the Canadian provinces. We analyze the dataset of economic freedom indicators compiled by the Fraser Institute in 10 Canadian provinces over the 1981-2005 period and introduce two different indices of political ideology: government and parliament ideology. The results suggest that government ideology influenced labor mark...

Aim. To study the key forms of existence and functioning ideology in modern Russian society. Methodology . The main methods research are systematic, comparative, phenomenological. Results. There de facto two Russia. This is official ideology, dominant social groups, which liberalism (but at same time there no jure Russia cannot be), catacomb inherent groups that do not occupy positions economic...

Research on the role of the family in political socialization has often assumed that intergenerational continuity and conflict are opposing models of political development. In a longitudinal design, cross-lagged correlational analysis and path analysis were used to examine the causal relations among parental political ideology, parent-student interpersonal relations, and student political ideol...

Gender and gender ideology have gained increasing attention from researchers in contemporary social sciences. In recent years, some research evidence also indicates that children can affect parents’ social value and social attitudes. Based on the sample from CGSS2013 data (N = 8339), this study aims to explore whether children’s gender can influence the gender ideology of their parents. Results...