Blockchains offer trust and immutability in nontrusted environments, but most are not fast enough for latency-sensitive applications. Hyperledger fabric (HF) is a common enterprise-level platform that being offered as blockchain-as-a-service by cloud providers. In HF, every new transaction requires preliminary <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org...