Let $kgeq 1$ be an integer, and $G=(V,E)$ be a finite and simplegraph. The closed neighborhood $N_G[e]$ of an edge $e$ in a graph$G$ is the set consisting of $e$ and all edges having a commonend-vertex with $e$. A signed Roman edge $k$-dominating function(SREkDF) on a graph $G$ is a function $f:E rightarrow{-1,1,2}$ satisfying the conditions that (i) for every edge $e$of $G$, $sum _{xin N[e]} f...

let $d$ be a digraph with vertex set $v(d)$. for vertex $vin v(d)$, the degree of $v$,denoted by $d(v)$, is defined as the minimum value if its out-degree and its in-degree.now let $d$ be a digraph with minimum degree $deltage 1$ and edge-connectivity$lambda$. if $alpha$ is real number, then the zeroth-order general randic index is definedby $sum_{xin v(d)}(d(x))^{alpha}$. a digraph is maximall...

BACKGROUND The planar polarization of developing tissues is controlled by a conserved set of core planar polarity proteins. In the Drosophila pupal wing, these proteins adopt distinct proximal and distal localizations in apicolateral junctions that act as subcellular polarity cues to control morphological events. The core polarity protein Flamingo (Fmi) localizes to both proximal and distal cel...

To investigate whether mesodermal expansion in the area vasculosa is caused by tension produced by outward migration of cells either in the somatic mesoderm or at the mesodermal edge on an ectodermal substratum, stage 18-20 embryos were transferred to a culture dish. There mesodermal expansion proximal to an arrested edge could be compared with that proximal to a moving edge by measuring the am...

ANATOMY: The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is one of four major ligaments that supports the knee and is the primary static stabilizer against valgus rotation of the joint. It consists of two components, the superficial (sMCL) and deep MCL (dMCL). The sMCL has one femoral and two tibial attachments. The femoral attachment is situated on the medial epicondyle. The proximal attachment blends in...

AIM The indications for intersphincteric (ISR) anterior resection are not clearly defined. The aim of this study was to evaluate vertical extension of T2 or T3 low rectal cancer treated by rectal amputation to optimize patient selection for ISR. METHOD The abdominoperineal excision specimens of T2 or T3 low rectal cancer from 53 patients treated between 1992 and 2004 were retrospectively revi...

most mandibular second molars have one and two canals in distal and mesial roots, respectively. this report represents four cases of mandibular second molars with a single mesial and two distal root canals with two different canal configurations. after access cavity preparation, two teeth had one distal and two mesial orifices, whereas in the two other teeth one mesial and two distal orifices w...

Nail dermoscopy is helpful in the differential diagnosis of nail disorders including onychomycosis and pigmented and nonpigmented nail tumors. We report two cases of onychomatricoma with concurrent onychomycosis of the same digit. In both cases, dermoscopy of the nail plate exhibited features of onychomatricoma, whereas dermoscopy of the distal free edge revealed features of onychomycosis. It i...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have not addressed vessel response >5 mm distal to the stent edge. Therefore, we investigated the impact of paclitaxel-eluting stents (PES) versus bare metal stents (BMS) on distal vessels in the serial intravascular ultrasound substudies of TAXUS IV, V, and VI. METHODS AND RESULTS TAXUS IV, V, and VI were double-blind, randomized, multicenter, controlled trials co...