Central difference method (CDM) that is explicit for pseudo dynamic testing is also supposed to be explicit for real-time substructure testing (RST). However, to obtain correct velocity dependent restoring force of the physical substructure being tested, the target velocity is required to be calculated as well as displacement. The standard CDM provides only explicit target displacement but not ...

Based on tests on six L-shaped RC columns with 500 MPa steel bars, the effect of axial compression ratios and stirrup spacing on failure mode, bearing capacity, displacement, and curvature ductility of the specimens is investigated. Test results show that specimens with lower axial load and large stirrup characteristic value (larger than about 0.35) are better at ductility and seismic performan...

OBJECTIVE To detect, with a computerised postural sway measurement system, any significant deviation of postural sway parameters among lead workers compared with a control group. METHODS Postural stability was investigated with a computerised postural sway measurement system in 60 workers exposed to lead with a duration of exposure of 84 (range 3-366) months and 60 controls. Sway parameter da...

Vernier acuity thresholds were obtained psychophysically in three adult barn owls with vertical bars and sinusoidal gratings. A minimal displacement threshold of 0.58 arcmin was observed with the bar stimulus under binocular viewing conditions. The mean binocular bar threshold was 2.51 arcmin. Bar thresholds were lower than grating thresholds. Monocular thresholds, obtained in one bird only, we...

Acoustic frequency (pitch) cues are known to be important in the recognition of conspecific song in a number of songbird species. Mountain chickadees (Poecile gambeli) and black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) are sympatric over parts of their ranges and their species-typical songs share many features. I examined the acoustic characteristics of song of these two congeners in a region o...

BACKGROUND Associations between carotid artery longitudinal displacement, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and events were evaluated in a large, multi-ethnic cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS A novel, reproducible protocol was developed for measuring right common carotid artery longitudinal displacement using ultrasound speckle-tracking. Total longitudinal displacement was measured in 389 ran...

This study examined whether common dimensionless ratios define the critical point in the shifts in the grip coordination pattern of preschoolers and adults engaged in a displacement grasping activity with cubes that varied in object size. The findings indicated that there was an interaction between task constraints and organismic constraints in determining the grasping pattern utilized. However...

lateral and anterior displacements of mandible may cause malocclusion. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of these displacements in a population of 597 childrens age 12 in mashhad secondary schools. displacment of mandible was shown to be in 11.8 percent of the population (6.2 percent anterior and 5.6 percent lateral displacement).anterior displacement of mandible was diagnos...