Dietary strategies to reduce discretionary choice intake are commonly utilized in practice, but evidence on their relative efficacy is lacking. The aim was to compare the potential impact on nutritional intake of three strategies to reducing discretionary choices intake in the Australian adult (19-90 years) population. Dietary simulation modelling using data from the National Nutrition and Phys...

This article contends that it is time to take a critical look at a series of binary categories which have dominated the scholarly and reform epistemologies of the sentencing decision process. These binaries are: rules versus discretion; reason versus emotion; offence versus offender; normative principles versus incoherence; aggravating versus mitigating factors; and aggregate/tariff consistency...

in this research, role of accruals in elaboration of quality of earning of the companies accepted in mumbai stock exchange has been studied and relationship between quality of earning through accruals and its constituents and abnormal stock return has been studied. the studied sample includes 35 companies in group a of mumbai stock exchange in 2009-2013.fordata analysisandhypothesistesting mult...

Food-based Dietary Guidelines (FBDGs) promote healthy dietary patterns. Nutrient-based Front-of-Pack Labelling (NBFOPL) schemes rate the 'healthiness' of individual foods. This study aimed to investigate whether the Australian Health Star Rating (HSR) system aligns with the Australian Dietary Guidelines (ADGs). The Mintel Global New Products Database was searched for every new food product disp...

When participants allocated time across two tasks (in which they generated as many words as possible from a fixed set of letters) they made frequent switches. This allowed them to allocate more time to the more productive task (i.e. the set of letters from which more words could be generated), even though times between the last word and the switch decision (“giving-up times”) were higher in the...

Consumers’ decisions to spend money on tourism occur in the context of the other potential uses of their resources and corresponding values or utilities. While many studies have examined the demand for travel and tourism there is no known study that reveals how individuals and households make tradeoffs when allocating their spending between various potential categories of discretionary expendit...

This paper examines the emergence of differing student behaviour in the use of ICT in Melbourne and Singapore. It seeks to explain the stark contrasts in intra-group communication and the use of online course materials in terms of cultural differences, drawing largely on Hofstede’s framework for cultural analysis. Hofstede found Australians to be highly individualistic and to have both low powe...

Access Control is a technique which insures security by preserving confidentiality and integrity of information. Meca (Models for access control) is a tool which generates, in a B machine, operational conditions that should be verified by an application to insure security. The inputs of Meca are a B machine offering a format for presenting a security model and a functional model containing the ...

This paper examines the political economy of Indian higher (tertiary) education. We first provide an empirical mapping of Indian higher education and demonstrate that higher education in India is being de facto privatized on a massive scale. But this privatization is not a result of changing ideological commitments of the key actors—the state, the judiciary or India’s propertied classes. Rather...