OBJECTIVES To assess oxygen uptake (VO2), blood lactate concentration ([La(b)]), and heart rate (HR) response during indoor and outdoor sport climbing. METHODS Seven climbers aged 25 (SE 1) years, with a personal best ascent without preview or fall (on sight) ranging from 6b to 7a were assessed using an indoor vertical treadmill with artificial rock hand/foot holds and a discontinuous protoco...

I will start this treatise with a history of two major themes in data integration. In my opinion, the topic began with the major retailers in the 1990s consolidating their sales data into a data warehouse. To do this they needed to extract data from in-store sales systems, transform it into a predefined common representation (think of this as a global schema), and then load it into a data wareh...

In order to automate the scooping task, it is desirable that the resistive force acting on the bucket be obtained before the scooping is performed. The objective of this study is to derive theoretically the resistive forces acting on the bucket during scooping of piled rock fragments. First, the changes in the shape of the rock pile due to the penetration of it by the bucket are modeled. Based ...

This paper demonstrates the ability of Shear Strength Reduction (SSR) analysis based on the Finite Element Method (FEM) to model the scale effects of discontinuity networks on the stability and failure mechanisms of slopes in blocky rock masses. Through three examples, it shows how these mechanisms depend on joint network geometry and change with increasing slope height. Introduction Scale Effe...

Large section tunnels have huge excavation spans, complex procedures, mutual influence among various multiple disturbances of the surrounding rock, and discontinuous connection linings under different which bring great difficulties to their construction. The Caijianwei Mountain No. 2 tunnel Xiamen Haicang Evacuate-channel project in China belongs a super large tunnel. tunnel’s maximum span reac...

The textural characteristics of rocks influence their petrophysical and mechanical properties. Such parameters largely control rock mass stability. ability to evaluate both immediate long-term behaviors based on the interaction between various texture, properties is therefore crucial many geoengineering facilities. However, due common lack high-quality core samples for geomechanics texture labo...

Abstract In this paper, a simplified method for predicting rock mass resistance against tensile forces from anchors (anchor) is presented. The interaction of and was investigated using three-dimensional discontinuous numerical modelling. Several patterns discontinuities were assumed in the modelling while single anchor embedded it. results show that existence discontinuity set sub-parallel to s...