Objective To assess the cost effectiveness of different management strategies for urinary tract infections. Design Cost effectiveness analysis alongside a randomised controlled trial with a one month follow-up. Setting Primary care. Participants 309 non-pregnant adult women aged 18-70 presenting with suspected urinary tract infection. Interventions Patients were randomised to five basic managem...

INTRODUCTION During the past decade, using serum biomarkers and clinical decision rules for early prediction of rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) has received much attention from researchers. This study aimed to broadly review the value of scoring systems and urine dipstick in prediction of rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was designed based on the gu...

Proponents of routine urine dipstick screening to identify patients at risk for ESRD in the primary care setting have argued that urine dipsticks are inexpensive, low risk, acceptable to patients, and now, more accurate. Proponents believe that urine dipstick screening has the potential to improve outcomes for people with early disease and increase awareness of CKD. Most primary care physicians...

BACKGROUND Central outpatient laboratories might find processing large numbers of urinary samples that arrive in the late afternoon inconvenient and refrigerate them overnight before testing. Furthermore, in certain settings clinics might have difficulty assuring that the urine arrives at the laboratory during the same day as the collection. Because the stability of urine samples for delayed au...

OBJECTIVE To determine the validity of the Uriscreen, a rapid diagnostic test based on the detection of urine catalase for the early detection of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children, compared with standard urinalysis and dipstick tests. STUDY DESIGN. Cross-sectional study. STUDY POPULATION Children 1 month to 17 years of age who presented to the emergency department of a pediatric terti...

Urine dipsticks are a useful and easy bedside test. Screening all patients older than 60 years is costeffective for chronic kidney disease. However, there is no clear evidence that screening low-risk patients younger than 60 years is cost-effective. This study describes the results of screening dipstick urinalysis of patients at Mankweng Hospital’s Primary Healthcare Clinic. This was a descript...

BACKGROUND Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL), a severe parasitic disease, could be fatal if diagnosis and treatment is delayed. Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL), a skin related outcome, is a potential reservoir for the spread of VL. Diagnostic tests available for VL such as tissue aspiration are invasive and painful although they are capable of evaluating the treatment response. Serological...

OBJECTIVE To assess the quantitative measurement of proteinuria by using random urine protein:creatinine index/ratio in comparison with 24 hours urinary protein excretion in patients of renal diseases having normal glomerular filtration rate. METHODS One hundred and thirty patients, 94 males and 36 females, with an age range of 5 to 60 years; having proteinuria of more than 150 mg/day were in...