In the fifth-generation (5G) wireless communications, due to advantages such as wide range and low cost, sub-6 frequency band is widely used. It a challenge develop antennas for base stations which are band, high gain compact. this paper, center-fed collinear antenna array with compact size developed based on turnstile antenna. Non-uniform dipole has been used achieve broadband so that disadvan...

The complex antenna factor (CAF) introduced to measure transient electromagnetic fields or electromagnetic pulses and its applications are investigated. The equations of the three-antenna method for determining the CAF of a dipole antenna, a log-periodic dipole array antenna (LPDA), and a monopole antenna are derived. The results of the waveform reconstructions using the CAF are compared with t...

In this paper a printed dipole antenna and three slot antennas are designed to operate at 10 GHz for use in radar systems. A parametric study of each antenna and comparison between their radiation properties including return loss, bandwidth, directivity, efficiency and radiation patterns for 6element linear array are introduced. Microstrip slot antennas show wider bandwidth, less coupling and s...

This paper addresses the application of integrated chargeability and resistivity method and grade data in modeling and evaluation of copper deposits. We argue that the relationship between IP, Rs and grade data may be used for modeling and reserve estimation and tested this argument for Sarbisheh copper deposit that is located in eastern Iran. Geology and mineralization situation of Sarbisheh d...

We determine the transmission of light through a planar atomic array beyond limit low intensity that displays optical bistability in mean-field regime. develop theory describing intrinsic bistability, which is supported purely by resonant dipole-dipole interactions free space, showing how bistable amplitudes exhibit both strong cooperative and weak single-atom responses they depend on underlyin...

Two types of broad-band antennas are widely used for electromagnetic interference (EMI) measurements in the frequency range from 30 to 1000 MHz. Log-periodic dipole antennas (LPDA) are mainly used for the range above 300 MHz and biconical antennas for the range less than 300 MHz. These two antennas have linear polarization. However, EMI measurements can sometimes be more conveniently made with ...

In this paper, we demonstrate three-dimensional estimation of target positions with borehole radar in single borehole. We developed array type borehole radar having four dipole antennas with optical modulators. Experiment at a model site was done using the developed radar system. In the site, one borehole, in which there is no fluid, and one cave exist. Receiving dipole antennas and a transmitt...