A combination of state-of-the art in situ one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been employed for the first time to investigate the role of amines in the synthesis of aluminophosphate molecular sieves in ionic liquids (ILs). In situ rotating-frame nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (ROESY) was used to demonstrate that the hybrid of i...

the monolithic catalytic converter is still the main pollution control device for modern vehicles in order to reach the ever-increasing legislative demands for low emission standards. the catalytic converters require a large expansion from the exhaust pipe to the front face of the monolith. unfortunately, packaging constraints often do not permit the use of long diffusers. hence, flow separatio...

The flow field in a centrifugal fan is highly complex with flow reversal taking place on the suction side of impeller and diffuser vanes. Generally performance of the centrifugal fan could be enhanced by judiciously introducing splitter vanes so as to improve the diffusion process. An extensive numerical whole field analysis on the effect of splitter vanes placed in discrete regions of suspecte...

Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) processing facilities typically are located on ocean shores for easy transport of LNG by marine vessels. These plants use large quantities of water for various process streams. The combined wastewater effluents from the LNG plants are discharged to the coastal and marine environments typically through submarine outfalls. Proper disposal of effluents from an LNG plant is...

An advanced light-fidelity (Li-Fi) system based on the blue Gallium nitride (GaN) laser diode (LD) with a compact white-light phosphorous diffuser is demonstrated for fusing the indoor white-lighting and visible light communication (VLC). The phosphorous diffuser adhered blue GaN LD broadens luminescent spectrum and diverges beam spot to provide ample functionality including the completeness of...

A previous paper [Applied Acoustics 66, pp.709-730, 2005] has shown that adding a quadratic residue diffuser (QRD) to the top of a T-shape barrier can provide better barrier performance than an equivalent purely absorptive barrier. In here, we extend the study to look at the performance when a QRD is made absorptive. This paper presents an investigation on the acoustic performance of a few well...

In countries with hot climates, air-conditioning forms a large proportion of annual peak electrical demand, requiring expansion of power plants to meet the peak demand, which goes unused most of the time. Use of well-designed cool storage can offset the peak demand to a large extent. In this study, an air conditioning system with naturally stratified storage tank was designed, constructed and t...

The monolithic catalytic converter is still the main pollution control device for modern vehicles in order to reach the ever-increasing legislative demands for low emission standards. The catalytic converters require a large expansion from the exhaust pipe to the front face of the monolith. Unfortunately, packaging constraints often do not permit the use of long diffusers. Hence, flow separa...

A gauze sponge cannot act as a gas diffuser in cardiac surgery when it gets wet