The large influx of immigrants in recent decades has led to an equally long debate over their effect on the labor market outcomes of native-born workers. Economic theory posits that an increase in the supply of labor, such as from immigration, will reduce the wage employers are willing to pay all workers (native-born and foreign-born) in a given labor market. As a result, some of the workers wh...

A survey of 184 firms was conducted to mvestIgate the reasons for wage ngidity The strongest support was found for explanations based on adverse selection in quits and on the effect of wages on effort. In addition, survey respondents mdicated that reducmg turnover IS an Important explanation of wage ngIdIty for wrute-collar workers, and that implicIt contracts are an important explanation for o...

Abstract This paper offers a theoretical model of the adoption and diffusion of computers at work to analyze between-group and within-group wage inequality, inspired by the empirical observation that the composition of the group of workers using a computer changes over time and that the timing of the rise in between-group and within-group wage inequality is different. The model conjectures that...

This thesis tests for a shift in the organization of production from mass to flexible production using data on the skill composition of manufacturing employment. Mass production involves high volume output of standardized goods using highly specialized, dedicated capital equipment and a division of labor that seeks efficiency by reducing to the bare minimum the number of tasks performed by each...

This paper is devoted to optimal income taxation in an open economy. It examines the consequences of the increasing mobility of high skilled workers between developed countries. We focus on a world consisting of two countries, a redistributive country and a laissez-faire country. We rst look into the rst-best optimal tax scheme when emigration of every agent is prevented. We prove that, under t...

We show that the migration of low-skilled, rural workers to urban centers has a negative causal effect on innovation of firms in such urban centers. Our tests exploit the staggered relaxation of city-level household registration system in China, which facilitates rural residents to migrate to cities. We find a significant decrease in innovation for firms headquartered in cities that have adopte...

This paper analyses how international outsourcing has affected the relative demand for low skilled workers in Germany during the 1990s. In contrast to previous empirical work, the single elements of the input-output-matrix are used to disentangle international outsourcing and trade in final goods more accurately. The main finding is that during the 1990s international outsourcing had a signific...

Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta E C O N O M I C R E V I E W First Quarter 2002 T he fraction of the U.S. population composed of the foreign-born reached 11 percent in 2000, the highest in seventy years. The large number of immigrants in the United States has prompted concern about possible negative effects on labor market outcomes among natives. Such concerns are particularly widespread among l...

Solving problems that mix planning and scheduling are often seen as a challenge. Discrete time-based scheduling, along with complex side constraints does not mix well with the more flexible nature of the planning model. This is demonstrated in our experiments when trying to solve a problem where we must assemble teams of skilled workers to perform jobs that require these skills, break these tea...

In this paper, we present the process of rebalancing the line at motorcycle-assembly plant. The company found it necessary to rebalance its line, since it needs to increase production in the spring and summer months. The main characteristics of the problem are as follows: (i) the company hires temporary staff, who need more time to carry out their tasks than permanent workers; (ii) there must a...