BACKGROUND Mechanistic hypotheses suggest a potential effect of dietary fiber on breast carcinogenesis through the modulation of insulin-like growth factor bioactivity, estrogen metabolism and inflammation. An association between dietary fiber intake and breast cancer risk has been suggested in epidemiological studies but remains inconclusive. In particular, data is lacking regarding the differ...

OBJECTIVE To determine the association of dietary fiber and glycemic index with incident type 2 diabetes in African-Americans and whites. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied 12,251 adults aged 45-64 years and free of diabetes at baseline (1987-1989). A total of 1,447 cases of diabetes were reported between baseline and 9 years of follow-up. Diabetes status was determined by fasting glucose...

OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between dietary fiber and the risk of type 2 diabetes in older men and the role of hepatic and inflammatory markers. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The study was performed prospectively and included 3,428 nondiabetic men (age 60-79 years) followed up for 7 years, during which there were 162 incident cases of type 2 diabetes. RESULTS Low total dietary fiber...

OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to determine whether there is an association among pelvic organ prolapse, constipation, and dietary fiber intake. STUDY DESIGN Sixty consecutive women with prolapse were compared with 30 control women without prolapse. All women completed 2 validated questionnaires to assess constipation and dietary fiber intake. Multivariate analysis was performed. RESUL...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Fiber intake is associated with reduced stroke risk in prospective studies, but no meta-analysis has been published to date. METHODS Multiple electronic databases were searched for healthy participant studies reporting fiber intake and incidence of first hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke, published between January 1990 and May 2012. RESULTS Eight cohort studies from the ...

This study introduces the addition of wheat fiber, oat fiber, and inulin to Chinese-style sausages, in amounts of 3.5% and 7%, respectively. Researchers used analysis of general composition and texture properties, and sensory evaluation to assess the influence of these three types of dietary fiber on the quality and palatability of Chinese-style sausages. Results showed that the type and amount...

An important gap exists between the daily amounts of fiber recommended in the human diet (28-42 g/d) and that which is actually consumed (median intake, 12-14 g/d). In fact, <5% of Americans meet the recommended intake for dietary fiber, and the magnitude of the gap is large, approximately a 50-70% shortfall. Because considerable evidence indicates that dietary fiber affects normal physiologic ...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the relation between carbohydrate-related dietary factors, insulin resistance, and the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in the Framingham Offspring Cohort. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We examined cross-sectional associations between carbohydrate-related dietary factors, insulin resistance, and the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in 2,834...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the associations of dietary fiber after myocardial infarction (MI) and changes in dietary fiber intake from before to after MI with all cause and cardiovascular mortality. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Two large prospective cohort studies of US women and men with repeated dietary measurements: the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-Up S...

Morphine is used to alleviate chronic cancer pain. However, constipation is a major adverse effect that often detracts from the patient's quality of life. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of dietary fiber on morphine-induced constipation. Rats were fed on a normal diet or one containing either 10% or 20% apple fiber for two weeks before morphine was administered. In the control ...