OBJECTIVE To develop, standardize, and partly validate a developmental scale for toddlers (age, 1.6 to 3 years) attending anganwadis in India. METHODS After the development of the 12-item Developmental Assessment Tool for Anganwadis (DATA), its internal consistency, face validity, content validity and construct validity were studied in 100 toddlers in anganwadis and were found to be appropria...

Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) deficiency or 4-Hydroxybutyric Aciduria is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder of amma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) degradation. It is characterized by developmental delay, infantile-onset hypotonia, cognitive impairment language deficit, and ataxia. Epilepsy, aggression, Hyperkinetic behavior, hallucinations, and sleep disturbances have been descri...

hypothalamic hamartoma (hh) is a rare intracranial lesion that usually presents with classic triad of central precocious puberty, gelastic epilepsy, and developmental delay. herein, a 14-year old boy is presented in whom the diagnosis of hh was made by magnetic resonance imaging. while he did not have any complain of precocious puberty, he surprisingly suffered from delay in puberty. the defini...

BACKGROUND Previous studies about inequality in children's health focused more on physical health than the neurodevelopment. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the inequality in early childhood neurodevelopment in poor rural China and explore the contributions of socioeconomic factors to the inequality. METHOD Information of 2120 children aged 0 to 35 months and their households in six poor ...

Systematic studies of infants with autism have not been previously carried out. Taking advantage of a new prospective screening instrument for autism in infancy (S. Baron-Cohen et al., 1996), the present study found that, compared with developmentally delayed and normally developing children, 20-month-old children with autism were specifically impaired on some aspects of empathy, joint attentio...

Compensatory or catch-up growth following growth impairment caused by transient environmental stress, due to adverse abiotic factors or food, is widespread in animals. Such growth strategies commonly balance retarded development and reduced growth. They depend on the type of stressor but are unknown for predation risk, a prime selective force shaping life history. Anti-predator behaviours by im...

Phasic changes in respiratory period, electrodermal activity, and the vasoconstrictive peripheral pulse amplitude response, were examined in matched groups of autistic, retarded, and normal children using repeated presentation of simple visual and auditory stimuli of differing magnitudes. Analysis of response magnitudes as a function of group membership, trials, stimulus magnitude, and age, ind...

Acts of dyadic orienting (responses to attention bids by a researcher) and acts of joint attention (e.g. pointing and showing behaviors) were observed in preschool children with autism and children with developmental delay. Children with autism responded to fewer adult vocal and non-vocal attention bids that were made singly and by combining modalities (e.g. name call plus touch). Sensitivity i...

Internet pornography is a multi-billion-dollar industry that has grown increasingly accessible. Delay discounting involves devaluing larger, later rewards in favor of smaller, more immediate rewards. The constant novelty and primacy of sexual stimuli as particularly strong natural rewards make Internet pornography a unique activator of the brain's reward system, thereby having implications for ...