During unscripted speech, speakers coordinate the formulation of pre-linguistic messages with the linguistic processes that implement those messages into speech. We examine the process of constructing a contextually appropriate message and interfacing that message with utterance planning in English (the small butterfly) and Spanish (la mariposa pequeña) during an unscripted, interactive task. T...

This study aimed at examining the main and interaction effects of increased intentional reasoning demands, planning time, and also language learning aptitude on syntactic complexity, accuracy, lexical complexity, and fluency (CALF) of 226 EFL learners’ performance on letter writing tasks. The participants were first randomly assigned to three experimental groups to be given a task with differin...

this paper aims to discuss the requirements of safe and smooth trajectory planning of transporter mobile robots to perform non-prehensile object manipulation task. in non-prehensile approach, the robot and the object must keep their grasp-less contact during manipulation task. to this end, dynamic grasp concept is employed for a box manipulation task and corresponding conditions are obtained an...

We describe a methodology for evaluating the user interface components of a pre-operative planning system for performing complex 3-D spatial manipulation and reasoning tasks. The design of a pre-operative planning system for the alignment of acetabular implants in total hip replacement (THR) surgery is used as an example. For this application, we have implemented several alternatives to two of ...

Planning movements for humanoid robots is still a major challenge due to the very high degrees-of-freedom involved. Most humanoid control frameworks incorporate dynamical constraints related to a task that require detailed knowledge of the robot’s dynamics, making them impractical as efficient planning. In previous work, we introduced a novel planning method that uses an inverse kinematics solv...

Modern dentistry involves a number of complex procedures, such as implanting artificial teeth directly into the bone, which require detailed pre-surgical planning. The purpose of this planning is to determine whether the quantity and quality of bone is sufficient to provide anchorage for a serviceable restoration, and to avoid damaging sensitive structures such as nerves. Pre-surgical planning ...

Very recently, the well-known concept of landmarks has been adapted from the classical planning setting to hierarchical planning. It was shown how a pre-processing step that extracts local landmarks from a planning domain and problem description can be used in order to prune the search space that is to be explored before the actual search is performed. This pruning technique eliminates all bran...

One drawback of Hierarchical Task Network (HTN) planning is the difficulty of providing complete domain knowledge, i.e., a complete and correct set of HTN methods for every task. To provide a principled way to overcome this difficulty, we define a simple formalism that extends classical planning to include problem decomposition using methods, and a planning algorithm based on this formalism. In...