There are several ways to reduce GHG emissions. Governments may introduce climate policies which provide incentives to save energy or directly reduce emissions. Governments may also re-shape existing industrial or trade policies to reduce their negative impacts on GHG emissions. The case of trade policies is particularly interesting. Trade liberalization can foster economic development, thus in...

Despite the enormous economic benefit from accession to the WTO, overall welfare of trade liberalization might be compromised since pollution from production also increased. Using plausibly exogeneous tariff reduction on Chinese goods caused by the WTO accession, variation in industry composition across cities, and variation in pollution intensity across industries, I study the effect of trade ...

1 Introduction The current process of east-west European integration is a particularly striking example of the re-emergence of strong trade and, more generally, production linkages between two groups of economies which, albeit geographically close to each other, have had minimal trade and FDI links over a forty-year period. The rapid and deep liberalization of external relations after 1989 (acc...

This paper introduces moral hazard into a standard general equilibrium model with heterogeneous …rms, to study the impact of trade liberalization on wage inequality between identical workers. I show that trade liberalization operates on two margins of inequality, generating betweenand within-…rm wage dispersion. While the former channel has been studied in recent papers, the latter is novel in ...

The goal of this study is to investigate the effect of trade liberalization on economic growth in Iranian economy using a Cobb–Douglas production function, which is expanded to take into account political instability and trade liberalization. The empirical results show that in the long run the real export and import duty have positive effect on GDP, while the Labor force and education causes to...

according to the recent literature, the expansion of intra-industry trade increases the intra-industrial excess job reallocation. based on lovely and nelson (2002), this study examined the hypothesis that marginal intra-industry trade has a positive effect on the excess job reallocation in iranian industries. therefore, we have employed a panel technique for iranian manufacturing industries at ...

In an international oligopoly model, this paper investigates interaction between trade liberalization in goods and liberalization in service FDI. Since some services are market-specific and have non-tradable nature, a foreign firm has a higher cost in service provisions compared to its domestic competitor and it can overcome the disadvantage by either outsourcing services to the domestic compet...

This paper reviews international issues in the supply of tobacco and tobacco products, including trade liberalization and globalization. The paper begins with a brief discussion of the theoretical foundations for trade and trade restrictions. This is followed by a description of the treatment of tobacco and tobacco products in recent multi-lateral, regional and bilateral trade agreements, as we...

Hecksher-Ohlin model predicts that gains to trade should flow to abundant factors, which suggests that in developing countries, unskilled labor would benefit most from trade liberalization. The rising skill-premium in the US is often cited in support of standard trade theory. However, these predictions have been challenged by Cunat and Maffezzoli (2001) and Kremer and Maskin (2003). According t...