Background: the clinical polymorphism of depressive disorders, together with available data on different responses patients to treatment, motivate modern neuroscience search for models that can explain such heterogeneity. Objective: identify neurophysiological subtypes disorders. Patients and methods: 189 moderate depression in structure a episode (n = 42), recurrent 102) bipolar affective diso...

Etiology of depressive disorders is still unknown. Several factors are involved in its pathophysiology such as neurotransmitters and neuroendocrine alterations, genetics, life events and their appraisal. Some of these components are strictly linked. Subjects with a family member affected by mood disorders are more prone to suffer from depressive disorders. It is also true that receiving feedbac...

For ages pain complaints of patients suffering from depression belong to the everyday challenges of general practitioner. Typical diagnostic designations comprised ‘ dépression larvée ’ or ‘masked depression’ in the past. In some cases, depressive symptoms are masked by pain symptoms and therefore ignored by the physicians. Up to half of the patients suffering from acute depression are not diag...

In this article, we review and evaluate changes in the depressive disorders section from DSM-IV to DSM-5. We describe characteristics of three new depressive disorders: disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, and persistent depressive disorder. We also discuss the controversial decision in DSM-5 to remove the bereavement exclusion from the criteria for major dep...

INTRODUCTION There is considerable variability in the response of individuals to adverse environmental conditions, while some develop psychiatric illnesses like depression, others seem very capable of dealing with it. It is in this observation that the concepts of vulnerability and resilience are rooted. METHODS We conducted a review of the literature by inserting in PubMed the keywords resil...

INTRODUCTION A confusing variety of options are available for the treatment of depressive disorders. METHOD Selective literature review under consideration of current guidelines. RESULTS The treatment of depression can be divided into acute, maintenance and prophylactic phases. The basic forms of treatment are pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and supportive strategies. The approximately 30 a...

Terminology Mood disorders are characterized by pervasive dysregulation of mood and psychomotor activity and by related biorhythmic and cognitive disturbances. The rubric of “affective disorder,” which in some European classifications also subsumes morbid anxiety states, is increasingly being replaced by the nosologically more delimited concept of “mood disorder.” Thus mood disorder is now the ...

BACKGROUND Some women with depressive disorders experience severe premenstrual symptoms. However, there have been few studies in which premenstrual symptoms in women suffering from depressive disorders were assessed. In this study, we aimed to investigate premenstrual symptoms in women with depressive disorders using the premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) scale. METHODS We administered qu...