Giant cell tumor of bone (GCT) is a rare, benign tumor characterized by localized bone destruction. GCT is thought to be biphenotypic, comprising a neoplastic stromal cell population and an osteoclast-like giant cell population. Recent studies have established that receptor activator of NF κβ ligand (RANKL) plays an important role in GCT. Although its actions are not fully understood, RANKL act...

This study investigated whether or not vitamin D and calcium supplementation affected bone metabolism and bone mineral density (BMD) over a period of four years of denosumab therapy in patients with primary osteoporosis. Patients were divided into a denosumab monotherapy group (22 cases) or a denosumab plus vitamin D and calcium supplementation group (combination group, 21 cases). We measured s...

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in females worldwide. Patients with breast cancer and bone metastases may experience increased osteoclast activity, resulting in local bone destruction and skeletal complications, including pain, hypercalcemia and skeletal-related events. Intravenous bisphosphonates (BPs) are the standard treatment administered to patients with breast cancer and b...

AIMS To describe the mechanisms of action of denosumab, a novel antiresorptive agent, contrasting it with other antiresorptive and anabolic osteoporosis treatments. METHODS Published papers related to the mechanism of action of approved osteoporosis treatments were sought through MEDLINE searches. FINDINGS Osteoporotic fractures carry a substantial burden of morbidity and mortality, but pha...

Osteoporosis is a chronic, systemic skeletal disorder characterised by decreased bone density. It leads to an increased risk of bone fractures - one of the major causes of disability in modern societies. Bisphosphonates are the most commonly used medications in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Denosumab, a new approach to fracture prevention, is a fully human monoclonal antibody th...

While most older patients with osteoporosis are treated with antiresorptive bisphosphonates such as alendronate, risedronate, ibandronate, and zoledronic acid, such drugs have side effects, remain in bone for extended periods, and lead to poor adherence to chronic treatment. Denosumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody and antiresorptive agent that works by decreasing the activity of the recept...

This paper presents a summary of the evidence review group (ERG) report into denosumab for the prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women. Denosumab has been shown in a large randomised trial to reduce the frequency of osteoporotic fractures when given subcutaneously at 6-monthly intervals. Compared with placebo, the relative risks of clinical vertebral and hip fractures were ...

BACKGROUND Denosumab and abiraterone were approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in 2011 for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Neither denosumab nor abiraterone is known to cause rhabdomyolysis. CASE PRESENTATION A 76-year-old Caucasian man with metastatic prostate cancer presented with non-oliguric severe acute kidney injury (AKI) 3 weeks a...

Correspondence: Robert A Adler McGuire veterans Affairs Medical Center, 1201 Broad Rock Boulevard, Richmond, vA 23249, USA Tel +1 804 675 5424 Fax +1 804 675 5425 email [email protected] Abstract: While most older patients with osteoporosis are treated with antiresorptive bisphosphonates such as alendronate, risedronate, ibandronate, and zoledronic acid, such drugs have side effects, remain i...

CASE A 68-year-old female was diagnosed with giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) metastatic to her lungs. The patient was treated with IV denosumab for the course of 4.5 years for these metastases. The metastatic tumor burden decreased significantly after only 3 months of therapy. The size of the metastases has been stable for over 4 years. CONCLUSION Denosumab therapy has promise in the treatmen...