Although populists in government have already frustrated the common interest projects, curbed institutional progress, and questioned fundamental values of European Union, integration theories so far failed to address question: what explains populist governments’ actions within EU? This article claims that existing accounts either downplay relevance or fail grasp complexity governments, because ...

In the 1950s and 1960s, many Africans believed that independence would change prospects for rapid economic growth and development. First, independence implied the end of colonialism and its despotic, exploitative, and repressive institutions. Second, with the Europeans gone, Africans could now engage in democratic (people-driven, participatory, and inclusive) constitution-making to provide them...

Schaller, Susanne: The Democratic Legitimacy of Private Governance. An Analysis of the Ethical Trading Initiative. Duisburg: Institute for Development and Peace, University of Duisburg‐Essen (INEF Report, 91/2007). Private actors increasingly influence global governance and generate transnational rules and regulations. By creating soft law, they adopt governance tasks t...

In a recent compilation of lessons learned about decentralization, Roy Bahl (1999) highlighted three channels through which central interventions often undermine the discipline of a hard budget constraint for local governments. These are “deficit grants” to cover year-end deficits on local government budgets, direct central government coverage of shortfalls on specific items of expenditure, and...

A model of governance implies that democracies provide public goods at different levels than dictatorships. Systems of governance are characterized by inclusiveness—the degree to which public good decisions reflect the interests of all citizens versus an elite subset. The theory indicates that less inclusive (autocratic) governments will under-provide public consumption goods relative to more i...

the purpose of this research is to examine the effect of the islamic awakening in the arabic countries of the middle east and north africa on israeli ontological security and, it's strategy ofclosure and deviationin the regional level. in other words, after occurrence of the developments, the ontological security and identity of israel faced with what challenges? this research argues that ...

In autumn 1978 the IAEA arranged a Study Tour on Radiation Protection and Waste Management, as a form of technical assistance to developing countries. This tour was organized in collaboration with the Governments of Czechoslovakia, Federal Republic of Germany, France, German Democratic Republic and Hungary, and led through all of these countries. The present review covers only one aspect of thi...

This paper seeks to understand the role of the Internet and information and communications technology (ICT) in potential democratic movements. We propose an ecological model of technological development and democratization which recognizes that change can occur (1) at individual as well as social levels; (2) on a continuum from oppression to freedom; and (3) in multiple social spheres. Using ca...

Transparency is a term common to distributed computing, communications studies and other fields that information science draws upon. It’s everyday uses and connotations are carried over into these domains, coalescing around some common issues relevant to knowledge management. Transparency is also a common term in political theory and practice, and one that has been associated with teledemocracy...