−We introduce a coupled smoothed particle hydrodynamics-discrete element method (SPH-DEM) to describe the two-way interaction between the two phases of a solid-liquid flow. To validate the model, we simulated two test problems: a solid-liquid counter-flow in a periodic box and particle settlement. The simulations correctly predicted the dynamics, and the results showed good agreement with the t...

Although sphingomyelin (SPH) is a major constituent of all lipoproteins, its physiological function in plasma is not known. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that SPH inhibits lipid peroxidation in low density lipoproteins (LDL) because of its effects on surface fluidity and packing density and that the relative resistance of the buoyant LDL to oxidation, compared with the dense LDL, is p...

To elucidate new functions of sphingosine (Sph), we demonstrate that the spontaneous elevation of intracellular Sph levels via caged Sph leads to a significant and transient calcium release from acidic stores that is independent of sphingosine 1-phosphate, extracellular and ER calcium levels. This photo-induced Sph-driven calcium release requires the two-pore channel 1 (TPC1) residing on endoso...

Self-consistent relativistic particle-vibration coupling (PVC) model [1] is applied to a systematic study of singleparticle spectra of nuclei ranging from light to superheavy ones [2] and generalized to the case of superfluid systems [3]. An example of the obtained results compared to data is shown in Fig. 1. The column (sph) shows the singleparticle spectra obtained in spherical relativistic m...

Clip domain serine proteinase homologs are involved in many biological processes including immune response. To identify the immune function of a serine proteinase homolog (Sp-SPH), originally isolated from hemocytes of the mud crab, Scylla paramamosain, the Sp-SPH was expressed recombinantly and purified for further studies. It was found that the Sp-SPH protein could bind to a number of bacteri...

Sphingomyelin derivatives exert various second messenger actions in numerous tissues. Sphingosine (SPH) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) are two major sphingomyelin derivatives present at high levels in blood. The aim of the present work was to investigate whether S1P and SPH exert relevant actions in mouse skeletal muscle contractility and fatigue. Exogenous S1P and SPH administration caused ...

We present a physically-based multiphase model for simulating water and air bubbles with Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH). Since the high density ratio of air and water is problematic for existing SPH solvers, we compute the density and pressure forces of both phases separately. The two-way coupling is computed according to the velocity field. The proposed model is capable of simulating th...

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (Sph-1-P) is the initial product of catabolism of sphingosine by sphingosine kinase and is cleaved by Sph-1-P lyase to a fatty aldehyde and ethanolamine phosphate. This phosphorylated sphingoid base is not only an intermediary catabolite, but also a bioactive lipid with important functions, including stimulation of cell proliferation in Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts and inhibiti...

Oral administration of dosage form is the priority for the patients as per its easy administration, economical formulation and various other reasons. Drugs having good absorption in proximal gastrointestinal tract (GIT) part possess bioavailability problem due to less gastric residence time of drug in the stomach. Thus superporous hydrogel (SPH) is a supreme approach to deliver the drug in uppe...