A variance-based method of analysis is described in which the clump size (average number of solute atoms aggregated together) of one atomic species (solute) in a matrix can be determined from a set of composition measurements taken from volumes which contain a much greater number of solute atoms than the clump size. The observed variance of the solute concentration measurements, each of which i...

Since the traditional CFAR algorithm is not suitable for high-resolution target detection of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, a new two-stage target detection method based on variance weighted information entropy is proposed in this paper. On the first stage, the regions of interest (ROIs) in SAR image is extracted based on the variance weighted information entropy (WIE), which has been p...

It has long been known that intraspecific variation impacts evolutionary processes, but only recently have its potential ecological effects received much attention. Theoretical models predict that genetic or phenotypic variance within species can alter interspecific interactions, and experiments have shown that genotypic diversity in clonal species can impact a wide range of ecological processe...

Recent years have seen a large amount of interest in epidemics on networks as a way of representing the complex structure of contacts capable of spreading infections through the modern human population. The configuration model is a popular choice in theoretical studies since it combines the ability to specify the distribution of the number of contacts (degree) with analytical tractability. Here...

PURPOSE In this study, the authors sought to determine (a) how specific vocal fold structural and vibratory features relate to breathy voice quality and (b) the relation of perceived breathiness to 4 acoustic correlates of breathiness. METHOD A computational, kinematic model of the vocal fold medial surfaces was used to specify features of vocal fold structure and vibration in a manner consis...

A quantitative measure of the degree of folding of azurins and pseudoazurins has been made. We have found that the reduction potential of azurins and pseudoazurins is a function of the contribution to the degree of folding of His117, a key amino acid in electron transfer which is directly bonded to copper in these proteins. The folding degree of His117 explains 95% of the variance in the experi...