Wrinkling and fracture are the important defects in deep drawing operation, which can be prevented using blank holding force (BHF) which has to be optimized as lower BHF promotes wrinkles formation and higher BHF promotes fracturing. Hence the limits of wrinkling and fracture have to be established. These limits depend on various tooling and process parameters. In this work the effect of toolin...

Abstract The Swift cup drawing test has been adopted for evaluating sheet metal deformation properties, namely the material formability assessed through limiting ratio. Since strain path of points located on flange is between uniaxial compression and pure shear, this region subjected to thickening. If thickness drawn larger than gap punch die, wall ironing will occur. Therefore, forces can lead...

Undesired wall thickness distribution and flanging cracking easily occur in reverse drawing–flanging combined processes of steel spokes when improper process parameters are used. Thus, based on GRA (grey relational analysis) and FEM (finite element method), a GRA model for a reverse drawing–flanging combined process for high strength steel B550CL spoke was established and validated. The results...

The effects of input parameters on the square-cup deep-drawing process for a two-layer aluminum/steel laminated sheet were investigated. Each layer was 0.7 mm thick, and the input parameters covered in the investigation were punch nose radius (PR), die shoulder radius (DR), the clearance between a punch and die (CPD), blank holder force (BHF), and layer arrangement (LA). The effects of the inpu...

The study involves the evaluation of deep drawing process using two non edible oils, Pongam (Pongammia pinnata) and Jatropha (Jatropha carcass) as metal forming lubricants. Experiments are conducted on 304L steel sheets under the raw and modified oils with suitable punch and die on a hydraulic press of 200 ton capacity. The punch load, draw-in-length and wall thickness distribution for deep dra...

Technology Hellas-FORTH 9.

In the circular (other alternate concepts are outerplanar, convex and one-page) drawing one places vertices of a n−vertex m−edge connected graph G along a circle, and the edges are drawn as straight lines. The smallest possible number of crossings in such a drawing of the graph G is called circular (outerplanar,convex, or one-page) crossing number of the graph G. This paper addresses heuristic ...

In this paper we address the problem of drawing planar graphs with circular arcs while maintaining good angular resolution and small drawing area. We present a lower bound on the area of drawings in which edges are drawn using exactly one circular arc. We also give an algorithm for drawing n-vertex planar graphs such that the edges are sequences of two continuous circular arcs. The algorithm ru...

The manufacturing industry heavily relies on deep drawing due to its remarkable ability produce intricate symmetrical and asymmetrical shapes with accuracy efficiency. This research aimed create a tool capable of producing pentagonal cup measuring 41mm in diameter 30mm height. was achieved by conducting numerical simulations experimental tests using two different methods. first method involved ...