Arsenic, chromium, and nickel are reported in several epidemiologic studies to be associated with lung cancer. However, the health effects of arsenic, chromium, and nickel exposures are equivocal for children. Therefore, we performed a cross-sectional study to investigate possible associations between the internal concentrations of arsenic, chromium, and nickel and the level of oxidative stress...

OBJECTIVES To compare the self reported health of a group of individuals living in an area contaminated by chromium (chromium group) with a group living in an uncontaminated area (control group), and to assess the effects of perception of risk from exposure to chromium on health. DESIGN Cross sectional study using the SF-36 validated quality of life questionnaire. Further questions were added...

Chromium is a naturally occurring element present in the earth’s crust. Chromium is released to the environment from natural and anthropogenic sources, with the largest release occurring from industrial releases. The industries with the largest contribution to chromium release include metal processing, tannery facilities, chromate production, stainless steel welding, and ferrochrome and chrome ...

BACKGROUND Chromium is an essential element in human nutrition. Serum concentrations of chromium are not well characterized during pregnancy or in gestational diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine whether low plasma chromium concentrations (< or =3 nmol/L) are associated with altered glucose, insulin, or lipid concentrations during pregnancy. DESIGN The s...

Chromium is one of the 25 most widespread elements in the Earth’s crust and occurs as an indelible non-volatile trace element in raw materials used in cement clinker production (clay, limestone and iron additives in particular). Chromium in raw materials mentioned above is mainly in form of trivalent chromium. Naturally occurring chromium (III) is not initially harmful, since it is chemically s...

Reduction of chromium(VI) to chromium(Ill) by thiourea between pH 3.0 and 5.5 is a key aspect of the chrominm(VI)/thiourea/polyacrylamide gel polymer system used in enhanced oil recovery processes. A method has been developed to determine chromium(Vl) concentration during the reduction of chromium(VI) to chromium(III) in this pH range. The reduction reaction is run in the presence of an acetic ...

OBJECTIVE To detect an outbreak-related source of Legionella, control the outbreak, and prevent additional Legionella infections from occurring. DESIGN AND SETTING Epidemiologic investigation of an acute outbreak of hospital-associated Legionnaires disease among outpatients and visitors to a Wisconsin hospital. PATIENTS Patients with laboratory-confirmed Legionnaires disease who resided in ...

The off-the-shelf Optical Character Recognition (OCR) engines return mediocre performance on the decorative characters which usually appear in natural scenes such as signboards. A reasonable way towards the so-called camera-based OCR is to collect a large-scale font set and analyze the distribution of font samples for realizing some character recognition engine which is tolerant to font shape v...

The data on the standards for chromium requirements and the safety of various chromium compounds and doses are reviewed. The 350-fold difference between the acceptable daily intake and the calculated reference dose for humans of 70 mg per day seems without precedent with respect to other nutritional minerals. Previous claims of mutagenic effects of chromium are of questionable relevance. While ...

This study was undertaken to develop an assay for biologically active chromium suitable for determining the best form of chromium for human supplementation studies. The assay involved monitoring the decrease in fasting serum glucose for 1-3 hours in normal human subjects following ingestion of 100 μg of chromium. The maximum decline occurred 1-2 hours after taking the chromium. The average maxi...