Abstract: We developed a low parasitic light sensitivity (PLS) and low dark current 2.8 μm global shutter pixel. We propose a new inner lens design concept to realize both low PLS and high quantum efficiency (QE). 1/PLS is 7700 and QE is 62% at a wavelength of 530 nm. We also propose a new storage-gate based memory node for low dark current. P-type implants and negative gate biasing are introdu...

A computationally intensive approach to pattern recognition in images is developed and applied to face recognition. Similarly to previous work, we compute functional inner products of a two-dimensional input signal (image) with a set of two-dimensional Gabor functions which t the receptive elds of simple cells in the primary visual cortex of mammals. The proposed model includes non-linearities,...

The development of the Bulgarian GRID, new possibilities for Bulgarian Virtual Observatory and some basic astronomical GRID applications from the published papers and internet are reviewed. Amongst the basic applications are N_body simulations, looking for dark matter, dark energy and neutrino, large scale structure of the Universe, stellar and galaxy evolution, active processes on the Sun, nea...

There are several dark matter problems, each on a different scale. The standard way to prove the existence of dark matter is to compare dynamical estimates of the mass of an object (galaxy, cluster) with an evaluation of its population contents. Historically, we can distinguish four distinct problems : 1. the galactic force law in the solar neighbourhood 2. galactic halos 3. groups and clusters...

X-ray dark-field imaging is a novel technique which provides complementary information on structural variation and density fluctuation. It allows to obtain object structures at micrometer scale and also contains information on the orientation of these structures. Since it can be acquired by a conventional X-ray imaging system, dark-field imaging has great potential for medical diagnosis. Howeve...

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The robustness of stellar-dynamical black hole (BH) mass measurements is illustrated using six galaxies that have results from independent research groups. Derived BH masses have remained constant to a factor of ∼ 2 as spatial resolution has improved by a factor of 2 – 330, as velocity distributions have been measured in increasing detail, and as the analysis has improved from spherical, isotro...

In X-ray grating interferometry, dark-field contrast arises due to partial extinction of the detected interference fringes. This is also called visibility reduction and is attributed to small-angle scattering from unresolved structures in the imaged object. In recent years, analytical quantitative frameworks of dark-field contrast have been developed for highly diluted monodisperse microsphere ...