Bovine vaccinia (BV), caused by Vaccinia virus (VACV), is a zoonosis characterized by exanthematous lesions in the teats of dairy cows and the hands of milkers and is an important public health issue. Severe VACV-induced lesions in the teats and udder of cows and buffaloes could lead to mastitis and other secondary infections, thereby reducing productivity and resulting in economic losses to th...

AIM The present study was performed to investigate the effect of genetic and non-genetic factors affecting milk fat yield and to estimate genetic parameters of monthly test day fat yields (MTDFY) and lactation 305-day fat yield (L305FY) in Murrah buffaloes. MATERIALS AND METHODS The data on total of 10381 MTDFY records comprising the first four lactations of 470 Murrah buffaloes calved from 1...

Artificial insemination of farm animals is very common in today's animal husbandry in the developed world, especially for breeding dairy cattle (75% of all inseminations) and swine (up to 85% of all inseminations). It is used for breeding buffaloes, sheep, goats, horses, dogs and a variety of laboratory animals as well. It allows a male to inseminate a much larger number of females and to use t...

AIM The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of temperature and humidity prevalent under subtropical climate on the breeding values for fertility traits viz. service period (SP), pregnancy rate (PR) and conception rate (CR) of Murrah buffaloes in National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI) herd. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fertility data on 1379 records of 581 Murrah buffaloes spread o...

A study was conducted in the rural mountainous areas of North West Frontier Province of Pakistan to characterize small holder’s subsistence livestock production system. Livestock farmers (n=82) were interviewed in 16 villages of Batagram and Mansehra districts. The farmers were keeping on an average 4 buffalos, 1 cattle, 12 sheep or 13 goats per household. More than 94% farmers were keeping 4 b...

Buffaloes are one of the major contributors milk production in Pakistan. Like other dairy animals, it also faces a variety metabolic disorders right after parturition. Among these problems ketosis is high producing buffaloes when energy demands (e.g. production) exceed intake and result negative balance. When large amount body fat utilized as an source to support production, sometimes mobilized...

Selection of reference genes has become an integral step in any real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) based expression studies. The importance of this study stems from the fact that riverine buffaloes are major dairy species of Indian sub-continent and the information generated here will be of great interest to the investigators engaged in functional genomic studies of this important livestock s...

Chromosomal aberrations are of great concern in dairy animals worldwide as they are usually associated with reduced fertility or infertility. There are multiple reasons which may cause chromosomal aberrations during mitosis and meiosis. To understand the probable cause of aberrations, a simple study was performed during induced lymphocyte culture. The lymphocyte cultures were setup using the bl...

Mammillitis is a condition that causes sudden teat inflammation, enlargement, difficulty milking, suckle, and the formation of black necrotic patches with circumscribed areas on base in she buffaloes. It disease buffaloes associated bovine herpes mammilltis virus 2 (BHV2). Vesicle formation, characteristic feature early stages cow either absent or occurs rarely dairy Stress calving hormonal cha...