δ18O measurements in precipitation and stream waters were used to investigate hydrological flow paths and residence times at nested spatial scales in the mesoscale (233 km2) River Feugh catchment in the northeast of Scotland over the 2001–2002 hydrological year. Precipitation δ18O exhibited strong seasonal variation, which although significantly damped within the catchment, was reflected in str...

this paper shows how multifractal analysis can be used to characterize the spatial distribution of epicenters in the zagros and alborz-kopeh dagh regions of iran. the main multifractal characteristics, dq, f(αq), τq, αq and a set of multifractal parameters defined from the shape of the f(αq)-spectrum including the width of f(αq)-spectrum, nonuniformity factor, combined parameter, coefficients o...

The taxonomically important characters and subgeneric subdivision of Dichagyris are presented with several historical nomenclatural considerations. Subdivision D. vallesiaca is revised based on the type material known subspecies. psammochroa group revised, description a new species, kurbatskyi from Kazakhstan, one subspecies, kopetdaghimena Kopet-Dagh massif. taftana species (D. guentereberti A...

in the last 150 year, most destructive earthquakes of kopeh dagh occurred near quchan. these earthquakes caused large damages to quchan (tchalenko, 1975; ambraseys and melville, 1982). the kopeh dagh zone accommodates a motion, by a combination of slip-partitioning in the nw, thrust faulting in the se, and anticlockwise block rotation in the central kopeh dagh (hollingsworth et al. 2006, 2008)....

Sediment delivery ratio (SDR) is traditionally defined as the fraction of upland gross erosion that is transported out of a defined area, e.g., a plot or catchment. It is, effectively, an index of sediment transport efficiency. Previously, it is treated as an empirically-lumped parameter used as a mechanism for compensating for sediment deposition within a catchment area. In this paper, we prop...

Targets for improvements in water quality entering the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) have been set through the Reef Water Quality Protection Plan (Reef Plan). To measure and report on progress towards the targets set a program has been established that combines monitoring and modelling at paddock through to catchment and reef scales; the Paddock to Reef Integrated Monitoring, Modelling and Reporting...

During the autumn of 2000, England and Wales experienced the wettest conditions for over 270 years, causing significant flooding. The exceptional combination of a wet spring and autumn provided the potential for soil structural degradation. Soils prone to structural degradation under five common lowland cropping systems (autumn-sown crops, late-harvested crops, field vegetables, orchards and sh...

the kopet-dagh basin extended in the north and north east of iran and consists of marine strata from middle jurassic to paleogene time. abtalkh formation is one of the thickest lithostratigraphic units of cretaceous in the kopet-dagh basin and is composed of light gray, green to bluish marl and silty marl. the abtalkh formation conformably overlies the marls and chalky limestones of the abderaz...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the association, if any, between child mortality and distance to the nearest hospital. METHODS The study was based on data from a 1-year study of the cause of illness in febrile paediatric admissions to a district hospital in north-east Tanzania. All villages in the catchment population were geolocated, and travel times were estimated from availability of local transp...

The effects of land use and land use change on stream nitrate are poorly understood. While case studies have been presented, most process work has been done in areas with one land use (minimally disturbed or agricultural) and areas with substantial atmospheric deposition. In this paper we present results from three neighboring headwater catchments in western Oregon with similar (low) atmospheri...