BACKGROUND The question whether metacylic trypomastigote (MT) forms of different T. cruzi strains differentially release surface molecules, and how they affect host cell invasion, remains to be fully clarified. We addressed that question using T. cruzi strains that differ widely in the ability to invade cells. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Metacyclic forms were incubated at 37°C for 1 h in c...

Nalidixic acid resistance has been used as a selective marker for studies of pathogen-inoculated fruits and vegetables. Three nalidixic acid–sensitive outbreak strains of Escherichia coli O157:H7 were used to generate mutants resistant to nalidixic acid (Nal, 50 g/mL) by successive culturing and selection in nalidixic acid–amended broth. The resistance to ionizing radiation of the parent and Na...

In patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), catecholaminergic agents may exert thermogenic effects that limit their beneficial effects in terms of global tissue oxygenation. Oxygen extraction ratio (O2ER) or mixed venous blood saturation (SvO2) might take into account better than cardiac index (CI) the resultant effect of such agents on peripheral oxygenation. We tested this hypothesis in ...

BACKGROUND The implication of nitric oxide (NO) in the development of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) using an animal model, was examined. The manner by which the trypanocidal activity of NO is impaired in the periphery and in the brain of rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei (T. b. brucei) was analyzed through: (i) the changes occurring in NO concentration in both peripheral (blood...

Salah satu bahan bakar alternatif yang potensial adalah oli pelumas bekas. Pemanfaatan bekas dapat mengurangi limbah dari aktivitas perbengkelan. telah dilakukan sebelumnya menggunakan mesin diesel modifikasi di Laboratorium Teknologi Produksi Universitas Riau, namun emisi gas buang masih melebihi baku mutu pada daya pembebanan 2.000 W. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis variasi campur...

PURPOSE To evaluate and compare the oral hard and soft tissue safety and the plaque-removing efficacy of a children's power toothbrush (Braun Oral-B Kids' Power Toothbrush-D10) and a manual toothbrush in children from a general population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy children aged 6-11 yrs were enrolled into a single-blind, randomized, parallel-design study. At baseline, oral hard and soft ...

The dichloromethane extract of the leaves of Vernonia staehelinoides Harv. (Asteraceae) showed in vitro activity (IC(50) approximately 3 microg/ml) against the chloroquine-sensitive (D10) and the chloroquine-resistant (K1) strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Through conventional chromatographic techniques and bioassay-guided fractionation two structurally-related hirsutinolides displaying in vitr...