BACKGROUND The potential for human influenza viruses to spread through fine particle aerosols remains controversial. The objective of our study was to determine whether influenza viruses could be detected in fine particles in hospital rooms. METHODS AND FINDINGS We sampled the air in 2-bed patient isolation rooms for four hours, placing cyclone samplers at heights of 1.5m and 1.0m. We collect...

Distance sampling is a widely used methodology for assessing animal abundance. A key requirement of distance sampling is that samplers (lines or points) are placed according to a randomized design, which ensures that samplers are positioned independently of animals. Often samplers are placed along linear features such as roads, so that bias is expected if animals are not uniformly distributed w...

This article presents uniform random generators of plane partitions according to the size (the number of cubes in the 3D interpretation). Combining a bijection of Pak with the method of Boltzmann sampling, we obtain random samplers that are slightly superlinear: the complexity is O(n(lnn)3) in approximate-size sampling and O(n4/3) in exact-size sampling (under a real-arithmetic computation mode...

s: Thematic Session –Cyclone and Tsunami THEMATIC SESSION B4 CYCLONE AND TSUNAMI Chairperson: Prof. S. K. Dube Director, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur

Introduction: Generally, geometrical parameters of the cyclone have a profound effect on determining its performance. The air outlet (Vortex Finder) as one of the cyclone’s components has a significant impact on the cyclone’s internal flow pattern, pressure drop and even dust removal efficiency. Material and Methods: Two different air outlets were designed in order to be easily installed and r...

We consider a spatial stochastic model for the simulation of tropical cyclone tracks, which has recently been introduced. Cyclone tracks are represented as labeled polygonal lines, which are described by the movement directions, translational speeds, and wind speeds of the cyclones in regular six-hour intervals. In the present paper, we compare return levels for wind speeds of historically obse...

Tropical cyclone rainfall rates have been projected to increase in a warmer climate. The area coverage of tropical cyclones influences their impact on human lives, yet little is known about how tropical cyclone rainfall area will change in the future. Here, using satellite data and global atmospheric model simulations, we show that tropical cyclone rainfall area is controlled primarily by its e...

True random number generators (TRNGs) are fundamental constituents of secure embedded cryptographic systems. In this paper, we introduce a general methodology for porting TRNG across different FPGA vendor families. In order to demonstrate our methodology, we applied it to the delay-chain based TRNG (DC-TRNG) on Intel Cyclone IV and Cyclone V FPGAs. We examine vendor-agnostic generality of the u...

Zoonotic infections by avian influenza viruses occur at the human-poultry interface, but the modes of transmission have not been fully investigated. We assessed the potential for airborne and fomite transmission at live poultry markets in Guangzhou city and in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR), China, during 2014 and 2015. Viral genome and infectious avian influenza A viruses of H5N...