background: mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) can be expanded and differentiated into many mature cell types including smooth muscle cells (smcs). in addition to growth factor, cyclic stretch contributes to differentiation of stem cells. mechanical stimuli are critical to morphological changes, development, regeneration, differentiation and pathology of mesenchymal tissues. the aim of this study is...

Vertical drains and stone columns which have been used in infrastructure construction for highways, ports, coastal regions, etc., provide significant benefits for improving soil characteristics such as reducing the drainage length and accelerating the consolidation process. So the investigation of the radial consolidation is inevitable. Soils may be subjected to cyclic loading such as silos, ta...

With the expanding demand on application of magnesium alloys in automotive and aerospace industries, robust methods in fatigue characterization of commercially available magnesium alloys with high specific strength is anticipated. In this paper, rotating bending load controlled tests has been studied on specimens machined from an extrusion piece of AZ31B. Due to asymmetric and anisotropic behav...

introduction: endothelial cells are subjected to mechanical forces caused by pulsatile flow and pressure leading to hemodynamic shear stress and circumferential stress on endothelial layer. the study aimed at a quantitative evaluation of endothelial cell morphology by application of cyclic loading. endothelial cells respond to applied loads with adaptation and remodeling. such mechanisms are ma...

ibn-khaldun,s social change theory has been often classified as cyclic theoty of social changes that has three stages includes in generation, growth and progress and ultimately regressive and decadence. but, what is inferred by rethink in text of ibn-khaldun,s moghaddame, are two different courses,as interrelated to each other, “civilizational evolution” and “cyclic changes of state.avoiding ma...

These are notes on a preliminary follow-up to a question of Jim Propp, about cyclic sieving of cyclic codes. We show that two of the Mahonian polynomials are cyclic sieving polynomials for certain Dual Hamming Codes: X and X inv for q = 2, 3 and q = 2, respectively.

in this paper firt of all we introduce a generalization of torsion freeness of acts over monoids, called -torsion freeness. then in section 1 of results we give some general properties and in sections 2, 3 and 4 we give a characterization of monoids for which this property of their right rees factor, cyclic and acts in general  implies some other properties, respectively.

for a symmetric group $g:=sym(n)$ and a conjugacy class $mathcal{x}$ of involutions in $g$, it is known that if the class of involutions does not have a unique fixed point, then - with a few small exceptions - given two elements $a,x in mathcal{x}$, either $angbrac{a,x}$ is isomorphic to the dihedral group $d_{8}$, or there is a further element $y in mathcal{x}$ such that $angbrac{a,y} cong ang...