We analyze how public debt evolves when successive policymakers have different policy goals and cannot make credible commitments about their future policies. We consider several cases to be able to quantify the effects of imperfect commitment, political disagreement and political turnover. Imperfect commitment drives the long-run level of debt to zero. With political disagreement debt is a size...

Retirement flexibility and inability to borrow against future labor income can significantly affect optimal consumption and investment. With voluntary retirement, there exists an optimal wealth-to-wage ratio threshold for retirement and human capital correlates negatively with the stock market even when wages have zero or slightly positive market risk exposure. Consequently, investors optimally...

When firms make a decision about irreversible investment, they may not have complete confidence about their perceived probabilitymeasure describing future uncertainty. Theymay think other probabilitymeasures perturbed from the original one are also possible. Such uncertainty, characterized by not a single probability measure but a set of probability measures, is called “Knightian uncertainty.” ...

â â â  â â â â â  the main purpose of present study is to analyze the relationship between stock and exchange markets in two asian countries, iran and south korea. a monthly time series of stock price and exchange rate are used over the period 2002: 05 - 2012: 03. the data is collected from the central bank of each country and wdi. the calculated stock return and real exchange rate change are u...

Time preference has a peculiar role in determining the level of economic activities. Time preferenceis the most important origin of interest rate. In this paper we study the founders and defenders'viewpoints about time preference and then we try to criticize them. It seems that discounting futureutilities is resulting from irrationality and it is ethically indefensible too. From mathematical as...

This paper investigates whether and how exchange rate movements were taken into account in formulating monetary policy in Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. We develop and estimate a structural general equilibrium two-sector model with sticky prices and wages, partial indexation on lagged inflation, a combination of both producer currency pricing and local currency pricing f...

e xchange rate is an important factor influencing price indices of exported goods of a country in different ways. imported intermediate commodity is one of the important ways by which the change in exchange rate affects price indices of the exported goods. using the input-output table of iran for the year 2001, this paper investigates the impact of exchange rate devaluation on price indices of ...

national currency depreciation or appreciation has always been argued seriously among policymakers since changing in exchange rate could cause improvement or deficit in trade balance. these changes affect the trade volume of a country in both short-run and long-run. long-run effects are recognized as the marshall-lerner condition, while short-run effects are analyzed by two concepts: j-curve an...

We prove the generality of the methodology proposed in Benigno and Woodford (2006). We show that, even in the presence of a distorted steady state, it is always possible and relatively simple to obtain a purely quadratic approximation to the welfare measure. We also show that, in order to do so, the timeless perspective assumption is crucial. JEL classification: C61, C63