AIM The gender gap in alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harm still is considerable and largely unexplained. This paper introduces four studies performed in Sweden that explore factors influencing gender differences in levels of consumption, adverse consequences and treatment. METHOD We summarize and discuss these four studies performed within the same cultural setting, which each analys...

BACKGROUND Dietary inequality, via socio-economic inequality, may involve several mechanisms. Different aspects of adolescents' socio-economic circumstances should therefore be considered in order to make effective interventions to promote healthy eating in the young population. Indicators designed to tap socio-economic status among adolescents in particular will facilitate a better understandi...

The consensus view of economists is that the formation of wants does not fall within the province of economic analysis: it is contended that the objective of economic analysis is to observe the consequences of choices which reveal underlying preference structures, not to question the psychological and physiological causes of wants or to investigate the mechanisms governing the formation of pref...

This paper tries to study the relationship between the youth life style and attitude to artificial drugs consumption in Shirvan. The question: Is there any relationship between the youth life style and their drugs consumption? This research was done in the winter of 2011 and out of 53084 people 382 one were chosen among the youth aged 15 to 29 in Shirvan through cluster sampling. The Alpha Cron...

OBJECTIVES Cultural variability (CV) is introduced as an overlooked dimension of cultural identity development pertaining to emphasizing and de-emphasizing the influence of a single cultural identity (i.e., cultural influence [CI]) on daily interactions and behaviors. The Cultural IDentity Influence Measure (CIDIM) is introduced as a novel measure of CI and CV, and hypothesis-driven validation ...

In recent years, far from arguing that evolutionary approaches to our own species permit us to describe the fundamental character of human nature, a prominent group of cultural evolutionary theorists has instead argued that the very idea of 'human nature' is one we should reject. It makes no sense, they argue, to speak of human nature in opposition to human culture. The very same sceptical argu...