Nonpenetrative convection Ð in which the lower boundary condition is one of constant heat flux and the upper boundary is insulatedÐ is an idealization of penetrative convection, which finds application in the planetary boundary layer. Three-dimensional, unsteady, ( ) direct numerical simulations 96 = 96 = 128 have been performed of turbulent, nonpene7 trative thermal convection inside a cubical...

LiF, Mg and Ti cubical TLD chips (known as TLD-100) are widely used for dosimetry purposes. The repeatability of TL dosimetry is investigated by exposing them to doses of (81, 162 and 40.5 mGy) with 662keV photons of Cs-137. A group of 40 cubical TLD chips was randomly selected from a batch and the values of Element Correction Coefficient (ECC) were obtained 4 times by irradiating them to doses...

This paper presents the first polynomial time algorithm to compute geodesics in a CAT(0) cubical complex in general dimension. The algorithm is a simple iterative method to update breakpoints of a path joining two points using Owen and Provan’s algorithm (2011) as a subroutine. Our algorithm is applicable to any CAT(0) space in which geodesics between two close points can be computed, not limit...

We consider closed simplicial and cubical n-complexes in terms of link of their (n−2)faces. Especially, we consider the case, when this link has size 3 or 4, i.e., every (n − 2)face is contained in 3 or 4 n-faces. Such simplicial complexes with short (i.e. of length 3 or 4) links are completely classified by their characteristic partition. We consider also embedding into hypercubes of the skele...

Betti numbers are topological invariants that count the number of holes of each dimension in a space. Cubical complexes are a class of CW complex whose cells are cubes of different dimensions such as points, segments, squares, cubes, etc. They are particularly useful for modeling structured data such as binary volumes. We introduce a fast and simple method for computing the Betti numbers of a t...

This paper displays a closed model structure for the category of cubical sets and shows that the resulting homotopy category is equivalent to the ordinary homotopy category for topological spaces. The main results are Theorem 19, which gives the model structure, and Theorem 29 and Corollary 30 which together imply the equivalence of homotopy categories. The cofibrations and weak equivalences fo...

nowadays green house gases such as carbon have the most effect on global climate changes that can be decreased by plant and soil carbon sequestration of rangelands. livestock grazing has high potential to decrease or increase carbon storage. so this research investigated the effects of enclosure on plant carbon storage in rangeland of enclosure (shah tappeh-chah mahmood) and no enclosure (chiro...

The goal of this work is to establish a new algorithm for computing the cohomology ring of cubical complexes. The cubical structure enables an explicit recurrence formula for the cup product. We derive this formula and, next, show how to extend the Mrozek and Batko [7] homology coreduction algorithm to the cohomology ring structure. The implementation of the algorithm is a work in progress. Thi...