PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to characterize the 3-dimensional (3D) configuration of subretinal fluid (SRF) in idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT). METHODS The OCT images of patients with CSC were reviewed retrospectively. The 3D configurations of SRF were assessed using a modified segmentation algorithm of SDOC...

PURPOSE To report the anatomic and functional outcome of intravitreal dobesilate to treat recurrent central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). METHODS This is an interventional case report in which dobesilate was intravitreally injected in a case of recurrent CSC. Main measures included fundoscopy, Snellen visual acuity (VA) testing, fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT)...

Cancer stem cells (CSC) have been implicated in disease recurrence, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance, but effective targeting strategies for these cells are still wanting. VS-5584 is a potent and selective dual inhibitor of mTORC1/2 and class I PI 3-kinases. Here, we report that VS-5584 is up to 30-fold more potent in inhibiting the proliferation and survival of CSC compared with non-CSC ...

• σi(A) denotes the ith largest singular value of A, σmin(A) denotes the minimal nonzero singular value of A and σmax(A) denotes the maximal singular value of A; • If U has orthogonal columns, that is, UTU = I, then ‖Ux‖ = ‖x‖ and ‖U>y‖ ≤ ‖y‖; • ‖Ax‖ ≤ σmax(A)‖x‖, where σmax(A) denotes the largest singular value of A; • Note that we do NOT have in general ‖Ax‖ ≥ σmin(A)‖x‖, where σmin(A)(> 0) d...

The cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis has captured the attention of many scientists. It is believed that elimination of CSCs could possibly eradicate the whole cancer. CSC surface markers provide molecular targeted therapies for various cancers, using therapeutic antibodies specific for the CSC surface markers. Various CSC surface markers have been identified and published. Interestingly, most ...

Purpose To explore the pathophysiology of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) by comparing peripheral vascular endothelium function in patients with CSC and control subjects. Methods This study included 34 patients with CSC who attended the Department of Ophthalmology and 34 healthy age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects from a routine physical check-up population. Endothelium-depen...

Caffeine and more specific antagonists of the adenosine A(2A) receptor recently have been found to be neuroprotective in the MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) model of Parkinson's disease. Here we show that 8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine (CSC), a specific A(2A) antagonist closely related to caffeine, also attenuates MPTP-induced neurotoxicity. Because the neurotoxicity of MPTP rel...