Nowadays, the environmental concern in machining industry is a fact. Because of that, in this article a new cooling-lubrication system which combines CO2 cryogenic and MQL technologies is presented. The aim of this new cooling-lubrication system is to offer an ecological and economic efficient alternative. Two nozzle adapters are proposed with different CO2 outlets. The developed nozzles are Pl...

The high speed steel is used as a cutting tool, since it has good quality and reliability at cheaper rate when compared to other cutting tools. So it is very important to increase the ability of the tool further for its reliability. So the best way is to increase the hardness. We have brainstormed to find out alternate tool materials. One novel method namely dipping the ordinary tool bit in a c...

Electromagnetic Formation Flight (EMFF) is a novel propellantless propulsion technology for formation flying satellites. Actuation in relative degrees of freedom for formation flight satellites is provided using electromagnetic forces and reaction wheels. One application for EMFF is stationkeeping for fractionated spacecraft architectures. The benefit of EMFF is that by replacing thrusters for ...

We optically trap a single nanoparticle in high vacuum and cool its three spatial degrees of freedom by means of active parametric feedback. Using a single laser beam for both trapping and cooling we demonstrate a temperature compression ratio of four orders of magnitude. The absence of a clamping mechanism provides robust decoupling from the heat bath and eliminates the requirement of cryogeni...

The recent speculation on the possibility of achieving gigantic enhancement for surface-enhanced Raman scattering at cryogenic substrate temperatures is examined using a simple theoretical model. The surfaceplasmon enhancement mechanism is modeled using the Fermi-electron gas approach instead of the Drude model as used previously in the literature. Due to the diminution of substrate polarizabil...

* Corresponding author: Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92612. e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Cryogenic sprays are used for cooling of human skin during laser treatments of hypervascular lesions, such as Port Wine Stain birthmarks. In this work, six straight-tube nozzles, including two commercial nozzles, are characterized by obtain...

Cryogenic temperature detection plays an irreplaceable role in exploring nature. Developing high sensitivity, accurate, observable and convenient measurements of cryogenic temperature is not only a challenge but also an opportunity for the thermometer field. The small molecule 9-(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-3yl)-14-phenyl-9,14-dihydrodibenzo[a,c]phenazine (FIPAC) in 2-methyl-tetrahydrofuran (MeTHF)...

Cryogenic treatments and cryoprotective agents (CPAs) determine the survival rate of organisms that undergo cryopreservation, but their mechanisms of operation have not yet been characterised adequately. In particular, the way in which membrane lipids respond to cryogenic treatments and CPAs is unknown. We developed comparative profiles of the changes in membrane lipids among cryogenic treatmen...

We use laser ablation and cryogenic helium buffer-gas cooling to produce large numbers of X 11 TiO molecules at a translational temperature of 5K. We investigate their cold collisions with helium and measure elastic and inelastic scattering cross-sections. As expected for 31 molecules, which have large spin–rotation couplings, TiO’s inelastic m-changing collision cross-section is large: on the ...

With over 600 receiver cartridges, ALMA will have several thousand SMA connectors, many of which will be subjected to periodic cryogenic cooling. At present, ALMA has no specifications on the proper torquing of SMA connectors nor on whether any type of staking should be used. This note summarizes the experience of a number of engineers involved with receiver construction for radio astronomy and...